影响既往久坐不动的绝经后女性开始、坚持和持续参与监督性抗阻训练计划的动机因素变化：一项前瞻性队列研究。
The change in motivating factors influencing commencement, adherence and retention to a supervised resistance training programme in previously sedentary post-menopausal women: a prospective cohort study.
作者信息
Viljoen Janet Erica, Christie Candice Jo-Anne
机构信息
Department of Human Kinetics and Ergonomics, Rhodes University, African Street, PO Box 94, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2015 Mar 12;15:236. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-1543-6.
BACKGROUND
Understanding motivators for exercise participation in post-menopausal women may impact retention to exercise programmes and inform intervention trial designs. The purpose of this investigation was to assess self-reported motivational factors influencing adherence and retention to a 24-week progressive resistance training programme.
METHODS
Post-menopausal females (n = 34) were passively recruited to undertake a 24-week progressive resistance training protocol, in small-group sessions, on three non-consecutive days of the week. Attendance was recorded by the researcher. Qualitative reports were sourced from the sample for four phases of the study: pre-study (prior to week 1), recruitment (week 1), during study (weeks 2 - 24), and post-intervention (beyond week 24). Responses were categorised according to ten descriptors: specific health index improvement, education, flexibility of time, social contact, conscience (loyalty to the researcher), wellness, weight management, organisation parameters (pertaining to the study programme) and enjoyment of the exercises.
RESULTS
Of the initial sample, 76.5% (n = 26) met the specified ≥80% attendance criterion. The primary findings were that motivation to volunteer for the study was driven by a perceived need for a structured exercise programme (50% of respondents). A commitment to the researcher was the primary motivator for continued adherence to the study for 50% of participants. Social contact with other participants was cited by 60% of the sample as the primary reason for adherence for the full duration of 24 weeks. A desire to maintain the "wellness" derived from the programme was cited by 60% as a reason for continuing an exercise routine post-study.
CONCLUSION
This study identified that routine and supervision initially attract women to exercise programmes, while social cohesion of the group setting contributes to retention over time. Understanding the changing nature of motivating factors may contribute to better overall adherence and retention to exercise programmes and interventions.
背景
了解绝经后女性参与运动的动机可能会影响她们对运动计划的坚持情况，并为干预试验设计提供参考。本研究的目的是评估自我报告的影响对一项为期24周的渐进性阻力训练计划的依从性和坚持情况的动机因素。
方法
被动招募绝经后女性（n = 34），在一周中的三个非连续日子进行小组形式的为期24周的渐进性阻力训练方案。研究人员记录出勤情况。定性报告来自研究的四个阶段的样本：研究前（第1周之前）、招募阶段（第1周）、研究期间（第2 - 24周）和干预后（第24周之后）。根据十个描述词对回答进行分类：特定健康指标改善、教育、时间灵活性、社交接触、责任感（对研究人员的忠诚）、健康、体重管理、组织参数（与研究计划相关）以及对运动的喜爱。
结果
在初始样本中，76.5%（n = 26）达到了规定的≥80%出勤标准。主要发现是，50%的受访者表示参与该研究的动机是认为需要一个结构化的运动计划。50%的参与者坚持继续参与该研究的主要动机是对研究人员的承诺。60%的样本表示与其他参与者的社交接触是在整个24周期间坚持参与的主要原因。60%的人表示希望维持从该计划中获得的“健康状态”是在研究结束后继续进行日常锻炼的一个原因。
结论
本研究表明，日常安排和监督最初吸引女性参与运动计划，而小组环境中的社会凝聚力有助于长期坚持。了解动机因素的变化性质可能有助于更好地总体坚持运动计划和干预措施。
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