Sydney Eye Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Surv Ophthalmol. 2015 May-Jun;60(3):183-95. doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2014.10.001. Epub 2014 Oct 16.
Retinoic acid is known to improve cutaneous wound healing and, in recent years, its application in ophthalmology has been investigated. This review looks at the role of retinoic acid on the ocular surface. Retinoic acid can be produced synthetically, and its mechanism of action includes both nuclear and non-nuclear receptor mediated pathways. It has been shown to improve full and partial thickness corneal lacerations as well as corneal epithelial defects. Retinoic acid plays a critical role in cell differentiation at the cornea, conjunctiva, and limbus, and may have an anti-tumor role. Its positive effect is only achieved at the correct concentration, however; excess concentrations of retinoic acid have a deleterious effect. The main limiting factor of retinoic acid use is its detrimental effect on meibomian glands, resulting in cell death, atrophy of acini, hyposecretion of oils, and altered gene expression, eventually resulting in dry eye symptoms. This effect is reversible on discontinuation of the drug.
视黄酸（维 A 酸）已知可促进皮肤伤口愈合，近年来，其在眼科的应用也得到了研究。本综述着眼于视黄酸对眼表的作用。视黄酸可以合成产生，其作用机制包括核受体和非核受体介导的途径。它已被证明可改善全层和部分厚度角膜撕裂以及角膜上皮缺损。视黄酸在角膜、结膜和角膜缘的细胞分化中起着关键作用，并且可能具有抗肿瘤作用。然而，只有在正确的浓度下，它才会产生积极的效果；视黄酸浓度过高会产生有害影响。视黄酸使用的主要限制因素是其对视睑板腺的有害影响，导致细胞死亡、腺泡萎缩、油脂分泌减少以及基因表达改变，最终导致干眼症状。停药后这种影响是可逆的。
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