催眠药物使用对女性轮班护士日间功能的影响及与使用相关的因素
Impact of hypnotics use on daytime function and factors associated with usage by female shift work nurses.
作者信息
Futenma Kunihiro, Asaoka Shoichi, Takaesu Yoshikazu, Komada Yoko, Ishikawa Jun, Murakoshi Akiko, Nishida Shingo, Inoue Yuichi
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan.
Department of Somnology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan; Sleep Research Institute, Edogawa University, 474 Komagi, Nagareyama, Chiba, 270-0132, Japan.
出版信息
Sleep Med. 2015 May;16(5):604-11. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2014.11.018. Epub 2015 Feb 10.
OBJECTIVE
We investigated quality of life (QOL) and work performance of hypnotics users, and explored the factors associated with multiple hypnotics usage in shift work nurses.
METHODS
We conducted a questionnaire-based, cross-sectional survey on nurses in university hospitals. We analyzed responses from 1202 nurses; 997 were female shift work nurses (82.9%), including 696 and 281 two- and three-shift workers, respectively.
RESULTS
The rate of hypnotics use was 10% (6.9% were single hypnotic users and 3.1% were multiple hypnotics users). The rate of insomnia did not differ between the single and multiple hypnotics users. However, multiple hypnotics users showed lower QOL, more severe depressive symptoms, and greater frequencies of work-related errors than those using a single hypnotic. A multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that age ≥27 years, presence of depression, eveningness chronotype, and presence of insomnia symptoms were significantly associated with hypnotics use. On the other hand, only the existence of shift work disorder (SWD) was significantly associated with usage of multiple hypnotics.
CONCLUSIONS
The present study suggested that usage of multiple hypnotics is not beneficial for relieving insomnia or for keeping better QOL in shift work nurses. It would be desirable to explore the causal relationship between SWD and multiple hypnotics use in a future longitudinal study.
目的
我们调查了催眠药物使用者的生活质量（QOL）和工作表现，并探讨了与轮班护士使用多种催眠药物相关的因素。
方法
我们对大学医院的护士进行了一项基于问卷的横断面调查。我们分析了1202名护士的回复；997名是女性轮班护士（82.9%），其中分别有696名和281名两班制和三班制工作者。
结果
催眠药物使用率为10%（单一催眠药物使用者占6.9%，多种催眠药物使用者占3.1%）。单一和多种催眠药物使用者的失眠率没有差异。然而，与使用单一催眠药物的人相比，多种催眠药物使用者的生活质量较低，抑郁症状更严重，工作相关错误的频率更高。多元逻辑回归分析显示，年龄≥27岁、存在抑郁、夜型生物钟以及存在失眠症状与使用催眠药物显著相关。另一方面，只有轮班工作障碍（SWD）的存在与多种催眠药物的使用显著相关。
结论
本研究表明，使用多种催眠药物对缓解轮班护士的失眠或保持更好的生活质量并无益处。未来有必要通过纵向研究探索SWD与多种催眠药物使用之间的因果关系。
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