Babalola E T, Ijaopo O K, Okonko I O
a Department of Veterinary Microbiology & Parasitology , Federal University Of Agriculture , Ogun State , Nigeria.
b Medical Microbiology Unit, Department of Microbiology , University of Port Harcourt , Port Harcourt , Nigeria.
J Immunoassay Immunochem. 2016;37(1):16-28. doi: 10.1080/15321819.2015.1040159.
Canine Parvovirus (CPV) is a very contagious and virulent viral disease affecting domestic dogs all over the world causing high morbidity and mortality in dogs, especially puppies. This study aimed at determining the seropositivity of IgG antibodies against CPV in vaccinated and unvaccinated dogs and to evaluate the immune status of dogs presented in Abeokuta. Forty-eight dogs were enrolled in this study. These dogs were presented at random for treatment, routine checkup, and vaccination at the State Veterinary Hospital and Veterinary Teaching Hospital all in Abeokuta. All the dogs were fully maintained under domestic setting. Selection for study was done based on thorough examination of the dogs and their medical records. The clients were informed of the nature of the investigation. Blood samples were collected and analyzed for anti-CPV-IgG. In principle, protective immunity correlates with high antibody titers and this was determined using a commercially available immunocomb® test kit for anti-CPV IgG antibody. Of 48 dogs sampled, 38 (79.2%) had high level of anti-CPV antibody titer and 10 (20.8%) had low level of anti-CPV antibody titer. Twenty six (54.2%) were males while 22 (45.8%) were females. Forty-five (93.75%) dogs were exotic breeds while 3 (6.25%) dogs were mongrels. Thirty (62.5%) of the dogs were less than one year old and the age range of all dogs sampled was between 7 weeks and 7 years. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between sex and the level of immunity but significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed between ages of dogs, breeds, post-vaccination period, and the level of immunity. In conclusion, this study has further confirmed the presence of IgG antibodies against canine parvovirus among dogs in Abeokuta, Nigeria. Of all variables evaluated, ages of dogs, breeds and post-vaccination period were the main correlates of the level of immunity to CPV. This study also showed agreement with previous studies in the diagnostic value of using the immunoblot ELISA assay for the rapid detection of anti-CPV IgG antibody.
犬细小病毒（CPV）是一种极具传染性和致病性的病毒性疾病，影响着全球范围内的家犬，导致犬类尤其是幼犬的高发病率和高死亡率。本研究旨在确定接种和未接种疫苗的犬类中抗CPV IgG抗体的血清阳性率，并评估阿贝奥库塔地区犬类的免疫状态。本研究共纳入48只犬。这些犬在阿贝奥库塔的州立兽医医院和兽医教学医院随机接受治疗、常规检查和疫苗接种。所有犬均在家庭环境中饲养。基于对犬及其病历的全面检查进行研究选择。已将调查性质告知客户。采集血样并分析抗CPV-IgG。原则上，保护性免疫与高抗体滴度相关，这通过使用市售的immunocomb®抗CPV IgG抗体检测试剂盒来确定。在48只采样犬中，38只（79.2%）抗CPV抗体滴度高，10只（20.8%）抗CPV抗体滴度低。26只（54.2%）为雄性，22只（45.8%）为雌性。45只（93.75%）犬为外来品种，3只（6.25%）犬为杂种犬。30只（62.5%）犬年龄小于1岁，所有采样犬的年龄范围在7周龄至7岁之间。性别与免疫水平之间无显著差异（P>0.05），但在犬的年龄、品种、疫苗接种后时期与免疫水平之间观察到显著差异（P<0.05）。总之，本研究进一步证实了尼日利亚阿贝奥库塔地区犬类中存在抗犬细小病毒的IgG抗体。在所有评估变量中，犬的年龄、品种和疫苗接种后时期是对CPV免疫水平的主要相关因素。本研究还表明，在使用免疫印迹ELISA法快速检测抗CPV IgG抗体的诊断价值方面与先前研究一致。
