Prince Matthew R, King Alexander H, Stuart Michael J, Dahm Diane L, Krych Aaron J
Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
J Knee Surg. 2015 Aug;28(4):285-95. doi: 10.1055/s-0035-1549018. Epub 2015 Apr 18.
Articular cartilage lesions of the patella and trochlea are commonly encountered in the young and active patient. These defects can be classified as chondral or osteochondral, and then further described according to size, location, and etiology. Early surgical intervention is often indicated for traumatic injuries resulting in osteochondral damage, including acute patellofemoral dislocation. For chronic lesions, initial treatment involves exhaustive nonoperative measures, and surgery is reserved for patients with persistent symptoms. A thorough history, physical examination, and imaging are essential to select the best surgical option. Cartilage restoration procedures are combined with optimization of background factors such as patellofemoral alignment and congruity to achieve success. Cell-based therapies have evolved into a reliable strategy for management of these lesions.
髌骨和滑车的关节软骨损伤在年轻活跃的患者中很常见。这些缺损可分为软骨性或骨软骨性，然后根据大小、位置和病因进一步描述。对于导致骨软骨损伤的创伤性损伤，包括急性髌股关节脱位，通常需要早期手术干预。对于慢性损伤，初始治疗包括全面的非手术措施，手术仅适用于症状持续的患者。详细的病史、体格检查和影像学检查对于选择最佳手术方案至关重要。软骨修复手术需结合髌股关节对线和匹配度等背景因素的优化，以取得成功。基于细胞的治疗方法已发展成为治疗这些损伤的可靠策略。
