LaRoche Ashley A, Nelson Lindsay D, Connelly Peter K, Walter Kevin D, McCrea Michael A
Departments of *Neurosurgery; and †Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Wisconsin; ‡Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; and §Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
Clin J Sport Med. 2016 Jan;26(1):33-9. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0000000000000192.
To investigate concussion rates and reporting frequencies in high school and collegiate athletes in 2013, compare results to those obtained from 1999 to 2002, and examine to what extent the 2012 Wisconsin state concussion law affected reporting in 2013.
Retrospective 2013 survey compared with prior survey.
High schools and colleges in the Milwaukee, Wisconsin, area.
Athletes (N = 784) from multiple sports were surveyed in 2013. Football players (N = 1532) from 1999 to 2002 completed the same measure.
Both surveys assessed concussion history, concussion incidence during the current season, whether incident concussions were reported, who concussions were reported to, and reasons for not reporting. The 2013 survey also assessed awareness of the Wisconsin state law and its effect on reporting.
Rates of concussion in the surveyed season were comparable to previous findings from 1999 to 2002 (16.6% vs 15.3%, P = 0.558). Notably, athletes were significantly more likely to report their concussions in 2013 (70.6% vs 47.3% previously, P = 0.011). Among high school athletes surveyed, 59.5% were aware of the Wisconsin state law, with 55.1% stating it would make them more likely to report a concussion.
Rates of concussion for 1 sport season have not changed significantly over the past 14 years. The percentage of concussions that are reported to someone has increased significantly. Awareness of the Wisconsin state law does not fully account for the increase in concussion reporting.
Given the finite amount of knowledge regarding the influence of concussion-related cultural and legal changes, these findings will help to inform clinicians of the current concussion milieu from the perspective of athletes. It will inform practitioners involved in concussion management to what extent athletes are aware of and report concussions.
调查2013年高中和大学运动员的脑震荡发生率及报告频率，将结果与1999年至2002年的结果进行比较，并研究2012年威斯康星州脑震荡法律在多大程度上影响了2013年的报告情况。
2013年回顾性调查与之前的调查比较。
威斯康星州密尔沃基地区的高中和大学。
2013年对来自多个运动项目的运动员（N = 784）进行了调查。1999年至2002年的橄榄球运动员（N = 1532）完成了相同的测量。
两项调查均评估了脑震荡病史、本赛季脑震荡发生率、是否报告了意外脑震荡、向谁报告了脑震荡以及未报告的原因。2013年的调查还评估了对威斯康星州法律的知晓情况及其对报告的影响。
调查赛季的脑震荡发生率与1999年至2002年的先前结果相当（16.6%对15.3%，P = 0.558）。值得注意的是，2013年运动员报告脑震荡的可能性显著更高（70.6%对之前的47.3%，P = 0.011）。在接受调查的高中运动员中，59.5%知晓威斯康星州法律，55.1%表示这会使他们更有可能报告脑震荡。
在过去14年中，1个运动赛季的脑震荡发生率没有显著变化。向他人报告的脑震荡百分比显著增加。对威斯康星州法律的知晓并不能完全解释脑震荡报告增加的原因。
鉴于关于脑震荡相关文化和法律变化影响的知识有限，这些发现将有助于从运动员的角度告知临床医生当前的脑震荡情况。它将告知参与脑震荡管理的从业者运动员对脑震荡的知晓和报告程度。
