Mandal S, Verma B C, Ramkrushna G I, Singh R K, Rajkhowa D J
J Environ Biol. 2015 Mar;36(2):499-505.
In the global climate change scenario, application of biochar in soil has become one of the important management practices for carbon sequestration, soil health improvement and climate change mitigation. In this study, an attempt was made to see the effect of biochar prepared from weed biomass on soil properties in subtropical northeast India. Biochar were prepared from seven locally available weed biomass viz. Ageratum conyzoides, Lantana camera, Gynura sp., Setaria sp., Avena fatua, Maize stalk, Pine needles and were characterised. Apot experiment was conducted with maize, where biochar was applied alone and in combination with fertilizers. Results revealed that biochar had significant impact on soil pH, SOC, and available nutrients like N, P and K. It also had significant impact on maize biomass yield. All biochar contained more than 50% stable carbon. Increase in soil pH was in the range of 0.26 to 0.3 and that of SOC from 1.62% in control to 1.74% in biochar added treatments. Biochars alone improved the available nitrogen ranging from 4.5 to 21.3 mg kg(-1), available P from 3.32 to 3.68 mg kg(-1) and increased K content by 20% above control. Weed biomass can be potential alternative to enhance soil and crop productivity through conversion into biochar.
在全球气候变化的背景下，在土壤中施用生物炭已成为碳固存、改善土壤健康和缓解气候变化的重要管理措施之一。在本研究中，尝试探究由杂草生物质制备的生物炭对印度东北部亚热带地区土壤性质的影响。生物炭由七种当地可得的杂草生物质制备而成，即藿香蓟、马缨丹、三七草、狗尾草属、野燕麦、玉米秸秆、松针，并对其进行了表征。以玉米进行盆栽试验，单独施用生物炭以及将生物炭与肥料混合施用。结果表明，生物炭对土壤pH值、土壤有机碳以及有效养分如氮、磷和钾有显著影响。它对玉米生物量产量也有显著影响。所有生物炭均含有超过50%的稳定碳。土壤pH值的增幅在0.26至0.3之间，土壤有机碳含量从对照的1.62%增加到添加生物炭处理的1.74%。单独施用生物炭可使有效氮含量提高4.5至21.3毫克/千克，有效磷含量从3.32毫克/千克增加到3.68毫克/千克，钾含量比对照增加20%。杂草生物质通过转化为生物炭可能成为提高土壤和作物生产力的潜在替代物。
