De Santis Mark L, Myrick Hugh, Lamis Dorian A, Pelic Christopher P, Rhue Colette, York Janet
Ralph H. Johnson VAMC, Mental Health Service Line , Charleston, South Carolina , USA.
Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2015 Mar;36(3):190-9. doi: 10.3109/01612840.2014.961625.
In total, 75% of suicides reported to the Joint Commission as sentinel events since 1995, have occurred in psychiatric settings. Ensuring patient safety is one of the primary tasks of inpatient psychiatric units. A review of inpatient suicide-specific safety components, inclusive of incidence and risk; guidelines for evidence-based care; environmental safety; suicide risk assessment; milieu observation and monitoring; psychotherapeutic interventions; and documentation is provided. The Veterans Health Administration (VA) has been recognized as an exemplar system in suicide prevention. A VA inpatient psychiatric unit is used to illustrate the operationalization of a culture of suicide-specific safety. We conclude by describing preliminary unit outcomes and acknowledging limitations of suicide-specific inpatient care and gaps in the current inpatient practices and research on psychotherapeutic interventions, observation, and monitoring.
自1995年以来，向联合委员会报告为警讯事件的自杀事件中，总计75%发生在精神科环境中。确保患者安全是住院精神科病房的主要任务之一。本文回顾了住院自杀特定安全要素，包括发生率和风险；循证护理指南；环境安全；自杀风险评估；环境观察与监测；心理治疗干预；以及文件记录。退伍军人健康管理局（VA）被公认为自杀预防的典范系统。以一个VA住院精神科病房为例，说明自杀特定安全文化的实施情况。我们通过描述该病房的初步成果，并承认自杀特定住院护理的局限性以及当前住院实践和心理治疗干预、观察与监测研究中的差距来结束本文。
