Huang Xiao-Lan, El Badawy Amro M, Arambewela Mahendranath, Adkins Renata, Tolaymat Thabet
Pegasus Technical Services, Inc., 46 E. Hollister Street, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA.
Office of Research and Development, U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45224, USA.
Chemosphere. 2015 Sep;134:25-30. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.03.033. Epub 2015 Apr 18.
Baghouse dust (BHD) is a solid waste generated by air pollution control systems during secondary aluminum processing (SAP). Management and disposal of BHD can be challenging in the U.S. and elsewhere. In this study, the mineral phases, metal content and metal leachability of 78 BHD samples collected from 13 different SAP facilities across the U.S. were investigated. The XRD semi-quantitative analysis of BHD samples suggests the presence of metallic aluminum, aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride and its oxides, spinel, elpasolite as well as diaspora. BHD also contains halite, sylvite and fluorite, which are used as fluxes in SAP activities. Total aluminum (Al) in the BHD samples averaged 18% by weight. Elevated concentrations of trace metals (>100 μg L(-1) As; >1000 μg L(-1) Cu, Mn, Se, Pb, Mn and Zn) were also detected in the leachate. The U.S. toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) results showed that some samples leached above the toxicity limit for Cd, Pb and Se. Exceeding the TCLP limits in all sample is independent of facilities generating the BHD. From the metal content perspective only, it appears that BHD has a higher potential to exhibit toxicity characteristics than salt cake (the largest waste stream generated by SAP facilities).
布袋除尘器粉尘（BHD）是二次铝加工（SAP）过程中空气污染控制系统产生的固体废物。在美国和其他地方，BHD的管理和处置可能具有挑战性。在本研究中，对从美国13个不同的SAP设施收集的78个BHD样品的矿物相、金属含量和金属浸出性进行了研究。BHD样品的XRD半定量分析表明存在金属铝、氧化铝、氮化铝及其氧化物、尖晶石、钾冰晶石以及水铝石。BHD还含有石盐、钾石盐和萤石，它们在SAP活动中用作助熔剂。BHD样品中的总铝（Al）平均重量为18%。渗滤液中还检测到痕量金属浓度升高（>100 μg L(-1) As；>1000 μg L(-1) Cu、Mn、Se、Pb、Mn和Zn）。美国毒性特征浸出程序（TCLP）结果表明，一些样品的镉、铅和硒浸出量超过了毒性限值。所有样品超过TCLP限值与产生BHD的设施无关。仅从金属含量角度来看，BHD似乎比盐饼（SAP设施产生的最大废物流）具有更高的表现出毒性特征的潜力。
