Wu Lie-shan, Zeng Dong-mei, Mo Xiao-rong, Lu Hong-hong, Su Cui-cui, Kong De-chao
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2015 Jan;36(1):309-13.
Four kinds of amendments including humus, ammonium sulfate, lime, superphosphate and their complex combination were added to rapid immobilize the heavy metals in contaminated soils. The best material was chosen according to the heavy metals' immobilization efficiency and the Capacity Values of the fixative in stabilizing soil heavy metals. The redistributions of heavy metals were determined by the European Communities Bureau of Referent(BCR) fraction distribution experiment before and after treatment. The results were as follows: (1) In the single material treatment, lime worked best with the dosage of 2% compared to the control group. In the compound amendment treatments, 2% humus combined with 2% lime worked best, and the immobilization efficiency of Pb, Cu, Cd, Zn reached 98.49%, 99.40%, 95.86%, 99.21%, respectively. (2) The order of Capacity Values was lime > humus + lime > ammonium sulfate + lime > superphosphate > ammonium sulfate + superphosphate > humus + superphosphate > humus > superphosphate. (3) BCR sequential extraction procedure results indicated that 2% humus combined with 2% lime treatment were very effective in immobilizing heavy metals, better than 2% lime treatment alone. Besides, Cd was activated firstly by 2% humus treatment then it could be easily changed into the organic fraction and residual fraction after the subsequent addition of 2% lime.
添加腐殖质、硫酸铵、石灰、过磷酸钙这四种改良剂及其复合组合，以快速固定污染土壤中的重金属。根据重金属的固定效率和固定剂在稳定土壤重金属方面的容量值来选择最佳材料。通过欧洲共同体标准局（BCR）的形态分布实验测定处理前后重金属的再分布情况。结果如下：（1）在单一材料处理中，与对照组相比，石灰用量为2%时效果最佳。在复合改良剂处理中，2%腐殖质与2%石灰组合效果最佳，Pb、Cu、Cd、Zn的固定效率分别达到98.49%、99.40%、95.86%、99.21%。（2）容量值顺序为：石灰＞腐殖质+石灰＞硫酸铵+石灰＞过磷酸钙＞硫酸铵+过磷酸钙＞腐殖质+过磷酸钙＞腐殖质＞过磷酸钙。（3）BCR连续提取程序结果表明，2%腐殖质与2%石灰组合处理在固定重金属方面非常有效，优于单独的2%石灰处理。此外，2%腐殖质处理首先会活化Cd，随后添加2%石灰后，Cd很容易转化为有机态和残留态。
