Sadeghi Y, Obéric A, Hamédani M
Department of Oculoplastic Surgery, Jules Gonin Eye Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 2015 Apr;232(4):489-92. doi: 10.1055/s-0035-1545747. Epub 2015 Apr 22.
Dermoid cysts are frequent unilateral congenital benign tumors that can be found at different locations throughout the body. In the orbital region, dermoid cysts occur predominantly in the supero-temporal quadrant. However, different orbital locations are possible, making this entity an important differential diagnosis for orbital tumors.
We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 23 consecutive patients operated in our institution between 2005 and 2014 for orbital tumors that were diagnosed as congenital dermoid or epidermoid cysts.
There were 21 dermoid and 2 epidermoid cysts. The median age at surgery time was 7 years (range 1-41). There were 15 females and 8 males. Eleven cysts were located supero-temporally (47.8%), seven supero-medially (30.4%), two temporally (8.7%), one at the frontal bone (4.4%) and two in the fossa of the lacrimal gland (8.7%). The mean cyst diameter was 13.1 mm±5.0 (SD). None had signs of malignant disease. No recurrence was observed after complete excision.
Dermoid cysts of orbital region are mostly located in the supero-temporal quadrant. However, other orbital locations are possible and dermoid cysts must thus be considered in the differential diagnosis of any mass in the orbital region.
皮样囊肿是常见的单侧先天性良性肿瘤，可在全身不同部位发现。在眼眶区域，皮样囊肿主要发生于颞上象限。然而，也可能出现在眼眶的其他部位，这使得该病变成为眼眶肿瘤重要的鉴别诊断对象。
我们回顾性分析了2005年至2014年间在我院连续接受手术治疗的23例眼眶肿瘤患者的病历，这些患者均被诊断为先天性皮样或表皮样囊肿。
其中有21例皮样囊肿和2例表皮样囊肿。手术时的中位年龄为7岁（范围1 - 41岁）。女性15例，男性8例。11个囊肿位于颞上象限（47.8%），7个位于颞上内侧（30.4%），2个位于颞侧（8.7%），1个位于额骨（4.4%），2个位于泪腺窝（8.7%）。囊肿平均直径为13.1毫米±5.0（标准差）。均无恶性病变迹象。完整切除后未观察到复发。
眼眶区域的皮样囊肿大多位于颞上象限。然而，也可能出现在眼眶的其他部位，因此在眼眶区域任何肿物的鉴别诊断中都必须考虑皮样囊肿。
