Gomaa Ahmed E, Tapp Loren C, Luckhaupt Sara E, Vanoli Kelly, Sarmiento Raymond Francis, Raudabaugh William M, Nowlin Susan, Sprigg Susan M
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015 Apr 24;64(15):405-10.
In 2013, one in five reported nonfatal occupational injuries occurred among workers in the health care and social assistance industry, the highest number of such injuries reported for all private industries. In 2011, U.S. health care personnel experienced seven times the national rate of musculoskeletal disorders compared with all other private sector workers. To reduce the number of preventable injuries among health care personnel, CDC's National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), with collaborating partners, created the Occupational Health Safety Network (OHSN) to collect detailed injury data to help target prevention efforts. OHSN, a free, voluntary surveillance system for health care facilities, enables prompt and secure tracking of occupational injuries by type, occupation, location, and risk factors. This report describes OHSN and reports on current findings for three types of injuries. A total of 112 U.S. facilities reported 10,680 OSHA-recordable* patient handling and movement (4,674 injuries); slips, trips, and falls (3,972 injuries); and workplace violence (2,034 injuries) injuries occurring from January 1, 2012-September 30, 2014. Incidence rates for patient handling; slips, trips, and falls; and workplace violence were 11.3, 9.6, and 4.9 incidents per 10,000 worker-months,† respectively. Nurse assistants and nurses had the highest injury rates of all occupations examined. Focused interventions could mitigate some injuries. Data analyzed through OHSN identify where resources, such as lifting equipment and training, can be directed to potentially reduce patient handling injuries. Using OHSN can guide institutional and national interventions to protect health care personnel from common, disabling, preventable injuries.
2013年，五分之一的非致命职业伤害报告发生在医疗保健和社会救助行业的工人中，这是所有私营行业中此类伤害报告数量最多的。2011年，与所有其他私营部门工人相比，美国医护人员肌肉骨骼疾病的发病率是全国平均水平的7倍。为了减少医护人员中可预防伤害的数量，美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）的国家职业安全与健康研究所（NIOSH）与合作伙伴共同创建了职业健康安全网络（OHSN），以收集详细的伤害数据，帮助确定预防工作的重点。OHSN是一个针对医疗保健机构的免费自愿监测系统，能够按类型、职业、地点和风险因素迅速且安全地跟踪职业伤害情况。本报告介绍了OHSN，并报告了三种类型伤害的当前调查结果。共有112家美国机构报告了2012年1月1日至2014年9月30日期间发生的10680起可记录在职业安全与健康管理局（OSHA）记录中的患者搬运与移动伤害（4674起伤害）、滑倒、绊倒和跌倒伤害（3972起伤害）以及工作场所暴力伤害（2034起伤害）。患者搬运、滑倒、绊倒和跌倒以及工作场所暴力的发病率分别为每10000个工人月11.3起、9.6起和4.9起。在所调查的所有职业中，护士助理和护士的伤害率最高。有针对性的干预措施可以减轻一些伤害。通过OHSN分析的数据确定了可以将诸如搬运设备和培训等资源导向何处，以潜在地减少患者搬运伤害。使用OHSN可以指导机构和国家层面的干预措施，以保护医护人员免受常见、致残且可预防的伤害。
