Green David W, Lee Jong-Min, Jung Han-Sung
1 Oral Biosciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong , Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, SAR .
2 Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS project, Oral Science Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry , Seoul, Korea.
Tissue Eng Part B Rev. 2015 Oct;21(5):438-50. doi: 10.1089/ten.TEB.2015.0055. Epub 2015 Jul 8.
Marine biomaterials display properties, behaviors, and functions that have not been artificially matched in relation to their hierarchical construction, crack-stopping properties, growth adaptation, and energy efficiency. The discovery and understanding of such features that are characteristic of natural biomaterials can be used to manufacture more energy-efficient and lightweight materials. However, a more detailed understanding of the design of natural biomaterials with good performance and the mechanism of their design is required. Far-reaching biomolecular characterization of biomaterials and biostructures from the ocean world is possible with sophisticated analytical methods, such as whole-genome RNA-seq, and de novo transcriptome sequencing and mass spectrophotometry-based sequencing. In combination with detailed material characterization, the elements in newly discovered biomaterials and their properties can be reconstituted into biomimetic or bio-inspired materials. A major aim of harnessing marine biomaterials is their translation into biomimetic counterparts. To achieve full translation, the genome, proteome, and hierarchical material characteristics, and their profiles in space and time, have to be associated to allow for smooth biomimetic translation. In this article, we highlight the novel science of marine biomimicry from a materials perspective. We focus on areas of material design and fabrication that have excelled in marine biological models, such as embedded interfaces, chiral organization, and the use of specialized composite material-on-material designs. Our emphasis is primarily on key materials with high value in healthcare in which we evaluate their future prospects. Marine biomaterials are among the most exquisite and powerful aspects in materials science today.
海洋生物材料展现出的特性、行为和功能，在层次结构、止裂性能、生长适应性和能源效率方面是人工无法比拟的。对天然生物材料所具有的这些特性的发现和理解，可用于制造更节能、更轻质的材料。然而，我们还需要更深入地了解具有良好性能的天然生物材料的设计及其设计机制。借助复杂的分析方法，如全基因组RNA测序、从头转录组测序和基于质谱的测序，对海洋生物世界中的生物材料和生物结构进行广泛的生物分子表征是可行的。结合详细的材料表征，新发现的生物材料中的元素及其特性可被重构为仿生或受生物启发的材料。利用海洋生物材料的一个主要目标是将其转化为仿生材料。为实现完全转化，必须将基因组、蛋白质组、层次材料特性及其在空间和时间上的分布关联起来，以实现顺利的仿生转化。在本文中，我们从材料角度突出了海洋仿生学这一新兴科学。我们关注在海洋生物模型中表现出色的材料设计和制造领域，如嵌入式界面、手性组织以及特殊的材料复合设计的应用。我们主要强调在医疗保健领域具有高价值的关键材料，并评估它们的未来前景。海洋生物材料是当今材料科学中最精妙、最强大的领域之一。
