Ryan Andrew D, Gerberich Susan G, Alexander Bruce H, Renier Colleen M
a Regional Injury Prevention Research Center, Division of Environmental Health Sciences , School of Public Health, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota , USA.
J Agromedicine. 2015;20(2):188-94. doi: 10.1080/1059924X.2015.1010058.
Working with animals on agricultural operations is hazardous for youths. This study evaluated the associations between activities and injuries related to specific animal types. A case-control study within the Regional Rural Injury Study II included 425 youths (less than 20 years of age) with injuries related to their operation and 1,886 controls (randomly selected youths). Exposures of interest were collected for the months prior to injury events for cases and randomly selected months for controls, based on an injury incidence algorithm. Multivariate logistic regression characterized associations between specific animal-related activities and injury outcomes among youths who reported working with the same animals. Large proportions of cases and controls, respectively, worked with beef cattle (47%, 28%), followed by horses (28%, 14%), and dairy cattle (22%, 12%). Feeding was the primary activity associated with animals; over 80% of cases and controls were involved in this activity during relevant exposure months, followed by milking (63%, 44%) among those working with dairy cows and herding (81%, 61%) among beef cattle workers. Elevated risk of dairy cattle-related injury was associated with milking (odds ratio [OR]: 2.5; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.0-6.6) whereas beef cattle-related injuries were associated with calving (OR: 4.2; 95% CI: 2.1-8.6) and footwork (OR: 2.2; 95% CI: 1.0-4.9). Among youths working with animals, explicit activities can be identified that are associated with animal-specific injuries. The identification of relevant hazardous tasks is necessary for the development of effective prevention measures.
在农业生产中与动物打交道对青少年来说是危险的。本研究评估了与特定动物类型相关的活动和伤害之间的关联。在《区域农村伤害研究II》中的一项病例对照研究纳入了425名（年龄小于20岁）因农业生产受伤的青少年以及1886名对照者（随机选取的青少年）。根据伤害发生率算法，收集病例组受伤事件前几个月以及对照组随机选取月份的相关暴露信息。多因素逻辑回归分析确定了在报告与相同动物打交道的青少年中，特定动物相关活动与伤害结果之间的关联。病例组和对照组中很大一部分人分别从事肉牛养殖（47%，28%），其次是马匹养殖（28%，14%）和奶牛养殖（22%，12%）。喂养是与动物相关的主要活动；超过80%的病例组和对照组在相关暴露月份参与了此项活动，其次是奶牛养殖中的挤奶活动（63%，44%）以及肉牛养殖中的放牧活动（81%，61%）。与奶牛相关的伤害风险升高与挤奶有关（比值比[OR]：2.5；95%置信区间[CI]：1.0 - 6.6），而与肉牛相关的伤害与产犊（OR：4.2；95% CI：2.1 - 8.6）和脚步动作（OR：2.2；95% CI：1.0 - 4.9）有关。在与动物打交道的青少年中，可以确定与特定动物伤害相关的明确活动。识别相关危险任务对于制定有效的预防措施至关重要。
