Nemiah J C
Dartmouth Medical School, Emeritus, Harvard Medical School.
Br J Psychiatry. 1989 Apr;154:459-66. doi: 10.1192/bjp.154.4.459.
The basic unit of study for psychiatric investigation is the individual human being in interaction with the environment. The psychological understanding of human biography provided by psychodynamic observation is now being supplemented by knowledge derived from phenomenological and neurobiological research. Phenomenology and neurobiology are at present primarily concerned with detecting correlations between clinical syndromes and pathological brain states; they are static rather than dynamic in approach. However, currently emerging techniques of brain imaging aimed at elucidating neurophysiological processes provide the basis for going beyond structural neuropathology to neuropathophysiology. It is suggested that the observations derived from the psychodynamic study of patients constitute markers of underlying brain function, and that the future investigation of psychiatric illness must include a correlative study of both psychodynamic and neurobiological processes.
精神病学研究的基本单位是与环境相互作用的个体人类。精神动力学观察所提供的对人类生平的心理学理解，如今正得到来自现象学和神经生物学研究的知识的补充。目前，现象学和神经生物学主要关注检测临床综合征与病理性脑状态之间的相关性；它们的研究方法是静态的而非动态的。然而，当前旨在阐明神经生理过程的脑成像新技术，为从结构神经病理学迈向神经病理生理学提供了基础。有人提出，从对患者的精神动力学研究中得出的观察结果构成了潜在脑功能的标志物，并且未来对精神疾病的研究必须包括对精神动力学和神经生物学过程的相关性研究。
