Loerbroks Adrian, Li Jian, Bosch Jos A, Herr Raphael M, Angerer Peter
Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
J Psychosom Res. 2015 Jul;79(1):13-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2015.04.002. Epub 2015 Apr 11.
Traits conceptualized according to the five-factor model of personality have been found to predict numerous health outcomes and may also be predictive of asthma. Prior longitudinal studies on personality and asthma remain however sparse, have been restricted to only two traits (i.e., neuroticism and extraversion), and yielded inconsistent results. We therefore aimed to examine the potential relationships of all five-factor personality traits with incident asthma.
We combined the 2009 and 2011 data from the population-based German Socio-Economic Panel study for longitudinal analyses (n=12,202). Personality traits were measured by an established 15-item version of the Big Five Inventory. Asthma was measured by participant-reports of having ever received such a diagnosis by a physician. We estimated multivariable risk ratios (RRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of trait-specific scores (continuous or categorized by tertiles) and incident asthma by Poisson regression.
Neuroticism was the only trait which was predictive of asthma (RR for the z-score=1.17, 95% CI=1.02-1.34; RR for the highest versus the lowest tertile=1.59, 95% CI=1.12-2.25). Associations between personality traits and asthma risk did not differ by sex (p-values for interaction ≥0.07). There were no two-way interactions between personality traits when we tested all potential combinations (all p-values for interaction ≥0.20).
The present study suggests that high levels of neuroticism may predispose adults to develop asthma. Future longitudinal studies are needed to confirm our findings and to shed light on the potential psychophysiological processes underlying the observed association.
根据人格五因素模型概念化的特质已被发现可预测众多健康结果，也可能预测哮喘。然而，先前关于人格与哮喘的纵向研究仍然稀少，仅限于两种特质（即神经质和外向性），且结果不一致。因此，我们旨在研究人格五因素特质与新发哮喘之间的潜在关系。
我们合并了基于人群的德国社会经济面板研究2009年和2011年的数据进行纵向分析（n = 12,202）。人格特质通过既定的15项大五人格量表进行测量。哮喘通过参与者报告是否曾被医生诊断来衡量。我们通过泊松回归估计特质特定分数（连续或按三分位数分类）与新发哮喘的多变量风险比（RR）及相应的95%置信区间（CI）。
神经质是唯一可预测哮喘的特质（z分数的RR = 1.17，95%CI = 1.02 - 1.34；最高三分位数与最低三分位数的RR = 1.59，95%CI = 1.12 - 2.25）。人格特质与哮喘风险之间的关联在性别上无差异（交互作用p值≥0.07）。当我们测试所有潜在组合时，人格特质之间不存在双向交互作用（所有交互作用p值≥0.20）。
本研究表明，高神经质水平可能使成年人易患哮喘。需要未来的纵向研究来证实我们的发现，并阐明所观察到的关联背后潜在的心理生理过程。
