Ward S, Heidrich S, Wolberg W
Cancer Nurs. 1989 Dec;12(6):344-51.
For women with stage I or II breast cancer, randomized trials have demonstrated no significant difference in survival rates between women receiving modified radical mastectomy (MRM) and women receiving breast conserving (BC) surgery. Therefore, many women are now in a position of having a choice between these two options. Twenty-two women who met the surgical criteria for having this choice were interviewed 1 to 2 weeks postsurgery to determine factors they had considered when deciding between MRM and BC, how much they wished to participate in decision-making, and the sources of information they used. The sample was purposefully limited to women attending one clinic in order to insure control over variables such as the information to which patients are exposed. When asked why they had chosen a given surgery, two factors, concerns about radiotherapy (p = 0.003) and body integrity (p = 0.04), emerged as significantly different for women choosing BC vs. MRM. Furthermore, women reported that participation in decision-making was important to them and that they had had sufficient participation in the decision-making process. Finally, they rated "people" sources of information as more important than written or visual materials, suggesting that nurses and other care providers are important in supporting women through the decision-making process.
对于I期或II期乳腺癌女性患者，随机试验表明，接受改良根治性乳房切除术（MRM）的女性与接受保乳（BC）手术的女性在生存率上无显著差异。因此，现在许多女性可以在这两种选择之间做出抉择。对22名符合手术标准且面临这一选择的女性在术后1至2周进行了访谈，以确定她们在决定接受MRM还是BC时所考虑的因素、她们希望参与决策的程度以及所使用的信息来源。样本特意限定为在一家诊所就诊的女性，以便确保能控制诸如患者接触到的信息等变量。当被问及为何选择某种特定手术时，对于选择BC与MRM的女性而言，两个因素，即对放疗的担忧（p = 0.003）和身体完整性（p = 0.04），呈现出显著差异。此外，女性表示参与决策对她们很重要，并且她们在决策过程中有充分的参与。最后，她们将“人际”信息来源评为比书面或视觉材料更重要，这表明护士和其他护理人员在支持女性度过决策过程中很重要。
