Jin Liyan, Xu Zhi-Xiang
Division of Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, 35205, USA.
Virol Sin. 2015 Apr;30(2):101-6. doi: 10.1007/s12250-015-3586-3. Epub 2015 Apr 20.
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause virtually all cervical cancers, the second leading cause of death by cancer among women, as well as other anogenital cancers and a subset of head and neck cancers. Approximately half of women, who develop cervical cancer die from it. Despite the optimism that has accompanied the introduction of prophylactic vaccines to prevent some HPV infections, the relatively modest uptake of the vaccine, especially in the developing world, and the very high fraction of men and women who are already infected, means that HPV-associated disease will remain as a significant public health problem for decades. In this review, we summarize some recent findings on HPV-associated carcinogenesis, such as miRNAs in HPV-associated cancers, implication of stem cells in the biology and therapy of HPV-positive cancers, HPV vaccines, targeted therapy of cervical cancer, and drug treatment for HPV-induced intraepithelial neoplasias.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）几乎引发了所有宫颈癌，宫颈癌是女性癌症死亡的第二大主要原因，此外还会引发其他肛门生殖器癌症以及一部分头颈癌。约半数患宫颈癌的女性会因此死亡。尽管预防性疫苗的推出给预防某些HPV感染带来了希望，但该疫苗的接种率相对较低，尤其是在发展中世界，而且已有很高比例的男性和女性已被感染，这意味着HPV相关疾病在未来几十年仍将是一个重大的公共卫生问题。在本综述中，我们总结了一些关于HPV相关致癌作用的最新研究发现，例如HPV相关癌症中的微小RNA、干细胞在HPV阳性癌症生物学及治疗中的作用、HPV疫苗、宫颈癌的靶向治疗以及HPV诱导的上皮内瘤变的药物治疗。
