Saengboonmee Charupong, Seubwai Wunchana, Wongkham Chaisiri, Wongkham Sopit
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
Cancer Epidemiol. 2015 Jun;39(3):274-8. doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2015.04.002. Epub 2015 Apr 22.
The highest incidence of Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a malignancy of bile duct epithelia, is in the Northeast of Thailand. The liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini, is the known risk factor for CCA development in this region. Approximately 1% of O. viverrini infected individuals develop CCA. There could be other factors that influence the cholangiocarcinogenesis particularly in the O. viverrini infected individuals. The global epidemiological studies of risk factors for CCA in non-O. viverrini related patients indicated diabetes mellitus (DM) as a risk factor of CCA. The molecular studies in many cancers indicated that high levels of glucose, insulin and an obese condition directly and indirectly enhanced growth of cancers. For O. viverrini associated CCA, there is limited information related to DM and CCA development. High mortality rates of CCA and DM, however, were reported in the same geographical areas of northeastern Thailand. Whether DM is a factor that enhances CCA development in O. viverrini infected individuals or promotes CCA progression are discussed in a perspective of epidemiological and molecular studies.
胆管癌（CCA）是一种胆管上皮恶性肿瘤，其发病率最高的地区是泰国东北部。肝吸虫华支睾吸虫是该地区已知的CCA发生的危险因素。大约1%的华支睾吸虫感染个体发展为CCA。可能存在其他影响胆管癌发生的因素，特别是在华支睾吸虫感染个体中。对非华支睾吸虫相关患者的CCA危险因素进行的全球流行病学研究表明，糖尿病（DM）是CCA的一个危险因素。许多癌症的分子研究表明，高水平的葡萄糖、胰岛素和肥胖状况直接或间接促进了癌症的生长。对于华支睾吸虫相关的CCA，与DM和CCA发生相关的信息有限。然而，在泰国东北部的同一地理区域报告了CCA和DM的高死亡率。从流行病学和分子研究的角度讨论了DM是否是增强华支睾吸虫感染个体中CCA发生或促进CCA进展的一个因素。
