Jessel Joshua, Borrero John C, Becraft Jessica L
WESTERN NEW ENGLAND UNIVERSITY.
UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND, BALTIMORE COUNTY.
J Appl Behav Anal. 2015 Summer;48(2):402-16. doi: 10.1002/jaba.204. Epub 2015 Apr 24.
Differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO) is a commonly used technique for behavior reduction, yet there has been little to no emphasis on the possible strengthening effects on other behavior. We included 2 responses (target and other) across 3 treatment schedules (DRO, extinction, and fixed time [FT]) in a human-operant procedure to determine the extent to which reinforcer presentation at the completion of the DRO interval could strengthen other responding. A computer program arranged for unsignaled changes in contingencies to a target response and never provided reinforcers for the other response. All 13 college-student participants exhibited more other responses than target responses during at least 1 exposure to DRO. Although there was a slight increase in other behavior during extinction, overall rates of other responding were never higher than that of the target response. Furthermore, 7 of 13 participants never emitted the other response during the FT condition. The findings provide some support for the response-strengthening effects of DRO.
对其他行为的差别强化（DRO）是一种常用的行为减少技术，但几乎没有强调其对其他行为可能产生的强化作用。在一项人类操作性程序中，我们在3种处理程序（DRO、消退和固定时间[FT]）中纳入了2种反应（目标反应和其他反应），以确定在DRO间隔结束时呈现强化物能够增强其他反应的程度。一个计算机程序安排了对目标反应的意外 contingency 变化，并且从不为其他反应提供强化物。在至少一次接触DRO的过程中，所有13名大学生参与者表现出的其他反应都多于目标反应。尽管在消退过程中其他行为略有增加，但其他反应的总体发生率从未高于目标反应。此外，13名参与者中有7名在FT条件下从未发出过其他反应。这些发现为DRO的反应强化作用提供了一些支持。
