Björklund Staffan, Sundberg Johan
Department of Neuroscience, Speech-Language Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Department of Speech Music Hearing, School of Computer Science and Communication, KTH, Stockholm, Sweden; University College of Music Education, Stockholm, Sweden.
J Voice. 2016 Jan;30(1):15-20. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.03.006. Epub 2015 Apr 23.
Subglottal pressure (P(s)) is strongly correlated with sound pressure level (SPL) and is easy to measure by means of commonly available equipment. The SPL/Ps ratio is strongly dependent on the efficiency of the phonatory apparatus and should be of great relevance to clinical practice. However, published normative data are still missing.
The subjects produced sequences of the syllable [pæ], and P(s) was measured as the oral pressure during the [p] occlusion. The P(s) to SPL relationship was determined at four pitches produced by 16 female and 15 male healthy voices and analyzed by means of regression analysis. Average correlation between P(s) and SPL, average SPL produced with a P(s) of 10 cm H(2)O, and average SPL increase produced by a doubling of P(s) were calculated for the female and for the male subjects. The significance of sex and pitch conditions was analyzed by means of analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Pitch was found to be an insignificant condition. The average correlation between P(s) and SPL was 0.83 and did not differ significantly between the female and male subjects. In female and male subjects, P(s) = 10 cm H(2)O produced 78.1 dB and 80.0 dB SPL at 0.3 m, and a doubling of P(s) generated 11.1 dB and 9.3 dB increase of SPL. Both these gender differences were statistically significant.
The relationship between Ps and SPL can be reliably established from series of repetitions of the syllable [pæ] produced with a continuously changing degree of vocal loudness. Male subjects produce slightly higher SPL for a given pressure than female subjects but gain less for a doubling of P(s). As these relationships appear to be affected by phonation type, it seems possible that in the future, the method can be used for documenting degree of phonatory hypofunction and hyperfunction.
声门下压力（P(s)）与声压级（SPL）密切相关，且易于使用常用设备进行测量。声压级与声门下压力之比在很大程度上取决于发声器官的效率，在临床实践中应具有重要意义。然而，目前仍缺乏已发表的标准数据。
受试者发出音节[pæ]序列，在发[p]音闭塞期间，将声门下压力测量为口腔压力。由16名健康女性和15名健康男性的声音在四个音高上确定声门下压力与声压级的关系，并通过回归分析进行分析。计算女性和男性受试者声门下压力与声压级之间的平均相关性、声门下压力为10 cm H₂O时产生的平均声压级，以及声门下压力加倍时产生的平均声压级增加量。通过方差分析（ANOVA）分析性别和音高条件的显著性。
发现音高是一个不显著的条件。声门下压力与声压级之间的平均相关性为0.83，女性和男性受试者之间无显著差异。在女性和男性受试者中，声门下压力为10 cm H₂O时在0.3 m处产生的声压级分别为78.1 dB和80.0 dB，声门下压力加倍时声压级分别增加11.1 dB和9.3 dB。这两个性别差异均具有统计学意义。
通过以不断变化的发声响度发出音节[pæ]的系列重复，可以可靠地建立声门下压力与声压级之间的关系。在给定压力下，男性受试者产生的声压级略高于女性受试者，但声门下压力加倍时增加的幅度较小。由于这些关系似乎受发声类型影响，未来该方法似乎有可能用于记录发声功能减退和亢进的程度。
