Chang Yu-Kai, Pesce Caterina, Chiang Yi-Te, Kuo Cheng-Yuh, Fong Dong-Yang
Graduate Institute of Athletics and Coaching Science, National Taiwan Sport University Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Italian University Sport and Movement "Foro Italico" Rome, Italy.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2015 Apr 9;9:156. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00156. eCollection 2015.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the after-effects of an acute bout of moderate intensity aerobic cycling exercise on neuroelectric and behavioral indices of efficiency of three attentional networks: alerting, orienting, and executive (conflict) control. Thirty young, highly fit amateur basketball players performed a multifunctional attentional reaction time task, the attention network test (ANT), with a two-group randomized experimental design after an acute bout of moderate intensity spinning wheel exercise or without antecedent exercise. The ANT combined warning signals prior to targets, spatial cueing of potential target locations and target stimuli surrounded by congruent or incongruent flankers, which were provided to assess three attentional networks. Event-related brain potentials and task performance were measured during the ANT. Exercise resulted in a larger P3 amplitude in the alerting and executive control subtasks across frontal, central and parietal midline sites that was paralleled by an enhanced reaction speed only on trials with incongruent flankers of the executive control network. The P3 latency and response accuracy were not affected by exercise. These findings suggest that after spinning, more resources are allocated to task-relevant stimuli in tasks that rely on the alerting and executive control networks. However, the improvement in performance was observed in only the executively challenging conflict condition, suggesting that whether the brain resources that are rendered available immediately after acute exercise translate into better attention performance depends on the cognitive task complexity.
本研究的目的是调查一次急性中等强度有氧自行车运动对三个注意力网络（警觉、定向和执行（冲突）控制）的神经电和行为效率指标的后续影响。30名年轻、身体健康的业余篮球运动员在进行一次急性中等强度飞轮运动后或无前期运动的情况下，采用两组随机实验设计，执行了一项多功能注意力反应时间任务，即注意力网络测试（ANT）。ANT结合了目标之前的警告信号、潜在目标位置的空间线索以及由一致或不一致侧翼刺激包围的目标刺激，用于评估三个注意力网络。在ANT过程中测量事件相关脑电位和任务表现。运动导致在额叶、中央和顶叶中线部位的警觉和执行控制子任务中P3波幅增大，同时仅在执行控制网络不一致侧翼刺激的试验中反应速度加快。P3潜伏期和反应准确性不受运动影响。这些发现表明，飞轮运动后，在依赖警觉和执行控制网络的任务中，更多资源被分配到与任务相关的刺激上。然而，仅在执行挑战性冲突条件下观察到表现有所改善，这表明急性运动后立即可用的大脑资源是否转化为更好的注意力表现取决于认知任务的复杂性。
