Friese Malte, Gianotti Lorena R R, Knoch Daria
Department of Psychology.
Department of Psychology, University of Bern.
Health Psychol. 2016 Aug;35(8):837-841. doi: 10.1037/hea0000179. Epub 2015 Apr 27.
Intense alcohol consumption is a risk factor for a number of health problems. Dual-process models assume that self-regulatory behavior such as drinking alcohol is guided by both reflective and impulsive processes. Evidence suggests that (a) impulsive processes such as implicit attitudes are more strongly associated with behavior when executive functioning abilities are low, and (b) higher neural baseline activation in the lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) is associated with better inhibitory control. The present study integrates these 2 strands of research to investigate how individual differences in neural baseline activation in the lateral PFC moderate the association between implicit alcohol attitudes and drinking behavior.
Baseline cortical activation was measured with resting electroencephalography (EEG) in 89 moderate drinkers. In a subsequent behavioral testing session they completed measures of implicit alcohol attitudes and self-reported drinking behavior.
Implicit alcohol attitudes were related to self-reported alcohol consumption. Most centrally, implicit alcohol attitudes were more strongly associated with drinking behavior in individuals with low as compared with high baseline activation in the right lateral PFC.
These findings are in line with predictions made on the basis of dual-process models. They provide further evidence that individual differences in neural baseline activation in the right lateral PFC may contribute to executive functioning abilities such as inhibitory control. Moreover, individuals with strongly positive implicit alcohol attitudes coupled with a low baseline activation in the right lateral PFC may be at greater risk of developing unhealthy drinking patterns than others. (PsycINFO Database Record
大量饮酒是许多健康问题的风险因素。双加工模型假设，诸如饮酒之类的自我调节行为受反思性和冲动性过程的引导。有证据表明：（a）当执行功能能力较低时，诸如内隐态度等冲动性过程与行为的关联更强；（b）外侧前额叶皮质（PFC）较高的神经基线激活与更好的抑制控制相关。本研究整合了这两方面的研究，以探讨外侧PFC神经基线激活的个体差异如何调节内隐酒精态度与饮酒行为之间的关联。
对89名中度饮酒者进行静息脑电图（EEG）测量，以获取基线皮质激活情况。在随后的行为测试环节中，他们完成了内隐酒精态度和自我报告饮酒行为的测量。
内隐酒精态度与自我报告的酒精消费量相关。最核心的是，与右侧外侧PFC基线激活高的个体相比，内隐酒精态度与右侧外侧PFC基线激活低的个体的饮酒行为关联更强。
这些发现与基于双加工模型所做的预测一致。它们进一步证明，右侧外侧PFC神经基线激活的个体差异可能有助于执行功能能力，如抑制控制。此外，与其他人相比，内隐酒精态度强烈且右侧外侧PFC基线激活低的个体可能更易形成不健康的饮酒模式。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》 ）
