[中国江苏省2006年至2013年农药中毒病例报告分析]

[Analysis of reports of cases of pesticide poisoning in Jiangsu Province, China, from 2006 to 2013].

作者信息

Yu Bin, Ding Bangmei, Shen Han, Zhu Baoli, Gao Qianqian

机构信息

The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210028, China.

The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210028, China. E-mail:

出版信息

Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2015 Mar;33(3):194-8.

PMID:25916445

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the characteristics of pesticide poisoning in Jiangsu Province, China, and to provide a scientific basis for developing effective intervention measures and prevention strategies.

METHODS

The data from report cards of pesticide poisoning in Jiangsu Province from 2006 to 2013 were arranged using EXCEL tables, and assessed. Statistical analysis was applied to the epidemiological data using SPSS.

RESULTS

From 2006 to 2013, a total of 32672 cases of pesticide poisoning were reported in Jiangsu Province. Most of the cases were caused by non-occupational poisoning (life poisoning) (72.78%). A majority of patients with pesticide poisoning were 35-54 years old (40.85%) or older than 65 years (15.69%). There were more female patients (58.22%) than male patients (41.78%). Among patients with occupational poisoning, male patients (50.90%) were more than female patients. Among patients with non-occupational poisoning, female patients were more than male patients (38.37%). Pesticide poisoning mainly occurred from July to September. The case-fatality rate of occupational poisoning (0.47%) was lower than that of non-occupational poisoning (7.10%). All 13 cities in Jiangsu Province reported cases of pesticide poisoning. There were more cases in the northern regions than in the southern regions. Pesticide poisoning was mainly caused by organophosphorus insecticides including methamidophos, dichlorvos, dimethoate, omethoate, and parathion, which accounted for 65.58%of all cases. Paraquat had the highest case-fatality rate (10.06%) among all pesticides, followed by tetramine (10.00%), dimethoate or omethoate (7.85%), methamidophos (7.79%), and dimehypo (7.68%).

CONCLUSION

Pesticide poisoning cannot be ignored. The management and control should be improved in production and usage of highly toxic pesticides including organophosphorus insecticides, rodenticides, and herbicides. More attention should be paid to the protection of vulnerable groups including women, children, and the elderly.

摘要

目的

调查中国江苏省农药中毒的特征，为制定有效的干预措施和预防策略提供科学依据。

方法

利用EXCEL表格整理并评估2006年至2013年江苏省农药中毒报告卡数据。运用SPSS对流行病学数据进行统计分析。

结果

2006年至2013年，江苏省共报告农药中毒病例32672例。大多数病例由非职业性中毒（生活性中毒）引起（72.78%）。大部分农药中毒患者年龄在35 - 54岁（40.85%）或65岁以上（15.69%）。女性患者（58.22%）多于男性患者（41.78%）。职业性中毒患者中，男性患者（50.90%）多于女性患者。非职业性中毒患者中，女性患者多于男性患者（38.37%）。农药中毒主要发生在7月至9月。职业性中毒的病死率（0.47%）低于非职业性中毒（7.10%）。江苏省13个城市均有农药中毒病例报告。北部地区病例多于南部地区。农药中毒主要由包括甲胺磷、敌敌畏、乐果、氧乐果和对硫磷在内的有机磷杀虫剂引起，占所有病例的65.58%。百草枯在所有农药中病死率最高（10.06%），其次是毒鼠强（10.00%）、乐果或氧乐果（7.85%）、甲胺磷（7.79%）和杀虫双（7.68%）。