2013年华北农村地区高血压的患病率、知晓率、治疗率及控制率

[Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in rural areas in North China in 2013].

作者信息

Fan Guohui, Wang Zengwu, Zhang Linfeng, Chen Zuo, Wang Xin, Guo Min, Tian Ye, Shao Lan, Zhu Manlu

机构信息

Division of Prevention & Community Health,National Center for Cardiovascular Disease; Fuwai Hospital, PUMC & CAMS, Beijing 100037, China.

Division of Prevention & Community Health,National Center for Cardiovascular Disease; Fuwai Hospital, PUMC & CAMS, Beijing 100037, China. Email:

出版信息

Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2015 Mar 3;95(8):616-20.

PMID:25917040

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the percentages of awareness, treatment and control and the prevalence of hypertension in north rural China.

METHODS

An epidemiological study was conducted by stratified cluster random sampling in March 2013 within 4 out of 20 regions in north China. At least 1 250 residents aged over 35 years were recruited and there were 625 males and 625 females from 4 villages randomly selected from each region. The risk factors for hypertension such as blood pressure (BP), height, weight and past history of illness were collected.From 4 575 valid samples, there were 2 062 males and 2 513 females.Hypertension was defined as any subject with mean systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg or use of antihypertensive medication. All the relevant rates were standardized by gender and age group according to the figures of Third National Population Census.

RESULTS

The standardized rates of hypertension in population aged over 35 years were 41.2% in Shunyi District, Beijing, 26.0% in Yuzhong County, Gansu Province, 25.2% in Jingyu County, Jilin Province and 22.8% in Dongfeng County, Jilin Province respectively. And significant differences existed among different regions (P < 0.001). The prevalence of hypertension in males was higher than that in females. The overall rates of awareness, treatment, control and control under treatment were 46.9%, 30.5%, 12.8% and 41.5% respectively in males versus 64.2%, 48.9%, 20.4% and 38.4% respectively in females. These rates were significantly higher in people with a family history of hypertension than those without one (P < 0.05). The prevalence of hypertension and the rates of awareness, treatment increased with the increase of BMI (P < 0.05) other than the rates of control and control with drugs.

CONCLUSION

The prevalence of hypertension was of great difference between different rural areas in north China. The rates of awareness, treatment and control have remained at a low level.

摘要

目的

调查中国北方农村地区高血压的知晓率、治疗率、控制率以及患病率。

方法

2013年3月，在中国北方20个地区中的4个地区采用分层整群随机抽样法进行了一项流行病学研究。招募了至少1250名35岁以上居民，每个地区随机选取4个村庄，其中男性625名，女性625名。收集了血压、身高、体重及既往病史等高血压危险因素。4575份有效样本中，男性2062名，女性2513名。高血压定义为平均收缩压≥140 mmHg、舒张压≥90 mmHg或正在使用降压药物的任何受试者。所有相关率根据第三次全国人口普查数据按性别和年龄组进行标准化。

结果

北京市顺义区、甘肃省榆中县、吉林省靖宇县、吉林省东丰县35岁以上人群高血压标准化患病率分别为41.2%、26.0%、25.2%和22.8%。不同地区间存在显著差异（P<0.001）。男性高血压患病率高于女性。男性的知晓率、治疗率、控制率及治疗中控制率分别为46.9%、30.5%、12.8%和41.5%，女性分别为64.2%、48.9%、20.4%和38.4%。有高血压家族史者的这些比率显著高于无家族史者（P<0.05）。除控制率及药物控制率外，高血压患病率及知晓率、治疗率随体重指数升高而升高（P<0.05）。