Freidl Marion, Benda Norbert, Friedrich Fabian
Klinische Abteilung für Sozialpsychiatrie, Univ.-Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria,
Neuropsychiatr. 2015;29(2):77-83. doi: 10.1007/s40211-015-0144-z. Epub 2015 Apr 28.
Several prior studies have investigated whether patients with "non-cognitive" mental disorders (i.e., organic disorders, substance abuse, delirium, and psychotic disorders excluded) have longer Length Of Stay (LOS) than mentally healthy individuals in nonpsychiatric hospital settings. These studies yielded contrasting results. The present paper aims to examine whether methods of psychiatric case finding can explain these differences.
Using the Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), 462 in-patients of medical, surgical, gynecological, and rehabilitation departments were assessed for the presence of psychiatric disorders.
In multiple regression analysis, all CIS-cases together did not show an association with LOS. Of the diagnostic groups assessed by CIS only major depression showed a significantly prolonged LOS. Using the GHQ sum-score as a continuous variable, LOS was significantly increased while using the GHQ as a dichotomous variable did not show such an association. After removing those suffering from multiple psychiatric diagnoses (such as major depression co-morbid with organic mental illness), none of the case definitions showed a significant association with LOS.
It seems that different case finding methods yield different results concerning the association of psychiatric disorders with LOS. When interpreting these results the small size of some subsamples must be taken into consideration.
此前有多项研究调查了患有“非认知性”精神障碍（即排除器质性障碍、物质滥用、谵妄和精神障碍）的患者在非精神科医院环境中的住院时间是否比心理健康的个体更长。这些研究得出了相互矛盾的结果。本文旨在探讨精神病例发现方法是否能解释这些差异。
使用临床访谈问卷（CIS）和一般健康问卷（GHQ），对462名内科、外科、妇科和康复科住院患者进行精神障碍评估。
在多元回归分析中，所有CIS病例总体上与住院时间无关联。在CIS评估的诊断组中，仅重度抑郁症显示住院时间显著延长。将GHQ总分作为连续变量时，住院时间显著增加，而将GHQ作为二分变量时则未显示出这种关联。在排除患有多种精神诊断（如重度抑郁症合并器质性精神疾病）的患者后，没有任何病例定义与住院时间显示出显著关联。
不同的病例发现方法在精神障碍与住院时间的关联方面似乎产生了不同的结果。在解释这些结果时，必须考虑到一些子样本规模较小的情况。
