Yanagi Y
Second Department of Anatomy, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
Hokkaido Igaku Zasshi. 1989 Sep;64(5):648-66.
Morphological and macroscopical studies were made on the lateral surface of the human maxilla. The materials consist of 128 cases of human fetuses ranging from the fourth to the tenth month and 306 cases of human juveniles and adults. The earliest month in which the loci with the scientific name (Nomina Anatomica) of the maxilla was observed was as follows; the frontal process, zygomatic process, anterior nasal spine and the nasal notch were first observed on the fourth fetal month. The infraorbital foramen and anterior lacrimal crest were first observed in some cases on the fourth fetal month and in all cases on the fifth fetal month. The infraorbital suture, lacrimal notch and alveolar process were first observed on the fifth to the sixth fetal month. The infraorbital sulcus and infraorbital canal were first formed on the fifth to the seventh fetal month. The following loci on the lateral surface of the maxilla which are related to the development of the maxillary teeth were first observed after birth as follows; the alveolar foramina were first observed in 3 to 7 years after birth and the maxillary tuberosity was first observed in 6 to 7 years after birth. The canine fossa was first observed in 6 years after birth. As far as the development of the maxilla is concerned, the frontal process and infraorbital margin were first observed and secondly the alveolar part was observed and finally the maxilla body which involved the maxillary sinus was formed.
对人类上颌骨的外侧面进行了形态学和大体研究。材料包括128例4至10个月的人类胎儿以及306例人类青少年和成年人。观察到具有上颌骨学名（解剖学名词）的部位的最早月份如下：额突、颧突、前鼻棘和鼻切迹最早在胎儿第4个月观察到。眶下孔和前泪嵴在部分病例中最早于胎儿第4个月观察到，在所有病例中于第5个月观察到。眶下缝、泪切迹和牙槽突最早在胎儿第5至6个月观察到。眶下沟和眶下管最早在胎儿第5至7个月形成。上颌骨外侧面以下与上颌牙齿发育相关的部位在出生后最早观察到的情况如下：牙槽孔最早在出生后3至7年观察到，上颌结节最早在出生后6至7年观察到。犬齿窝最早在出生后6年观察到。就上颌骨的发育而言，最早观察到额突和眶下缘，其次观察到牙槽部分，最后形成包含上颌窦的上颌骨体。
