Yanagi S
Hokkaido Igaku Zasshi. 1987 May;62(3):485-96.
For the purpose of these studies 111 cases of the fetus skulls, 25 cases of the juvenile skulls and 220 cases of the adult skulls were used and the following results were obtained; 1. The perfect ring-shaped formation of the foramen rotundum is observed in all cases of the fetuses after the 4th fetal month. The earliest perfect ring-shaped formation of the foramen ovale is observed in the 7th fetal month and the latest in 3 years after birth. The earliest perfect ring-shaped formation of the foramen spinosum is observed in the 8th month after birth and the latest in 7 years after birth. 2. The foramen rotundum is mostly oval-shaped in the fetal period and it is round-shaped in general after birth. The majority of the foramen ovale is oval-shaped and it is irregular in shape compared with the rest of two types of foramina. The majority of the foramen spinosum is round in shape. 3. The average diameter of the foramen rotundum is 3.55 mm in the adult. The average maximal length of the foramen ovale is 7.48 mm and its average minimal length is 4.17 mm in the adult. The average diameter of the foramen spinosum is 2.63 mm in the adult. The differences between the right and left and the sexual differences fail to be observed in all types of foramina.
为进行这些研究，使用了111例胎儿颅骨、25例青少年颅骨和220例成人颅骨，并得到以下结果：1. 在妊娠第4个月后的所有胎儿病例中均观察到圆孔的完美环形形成。卵圆孔最早在妊娠第7个月观察到完美环形形成，最晚在出生后3年。棘孔最早在出生后第8个月观察到完美环形形成，最晚在出生后7年。2. 圆孔在胎儿期大多为椭圆形，出生后一般为圆形。卵圆孔大多数为椭圆形，与其他两种孔相比形状不规则。棘孔大多数为圆形。3. 成人圆孔的平均直径为3.55毫米。成人卵圆孔的平均最大长度为7.48毫米，平均最小长度为4.17毫米。成人棘孔的平均直径为2.63毫米。在所有类型的孔中均未观察到左右差异和性别差异。
