The Centre for Arctic Medicine, Thule Institute, PO BOX 7300, FI-90014, University of Oulu, Finland.
National Institute for Health and Welfare, Chemicals and Health Unit, PO BOX 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, Finland; Department of Environmental Science, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
Sci Total Environ. 2015 Sep 1;526:70-6. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.067. Epub 2015 Apr 25.
Dioxin-like chemicals and brominated flame retardants are ubiquitous in the environment, despite the introduction of international prohibitions and restrictions. These chemicals do not remain in the vicinity of their source, instead they can be transported over long distances, in fact even to pristine areas in the northern latitudes. However, there have been rather few time series experiments monitoring the trends in the levels of chlorinated and brominated forms of these chemicals in the environment. In this study, the concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and -furans (PCDDs/Fs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diethyl ethers (PBDEs) were measured in the liver and muscle of bank voles (Myodes glareolus) caught in a remote area in Finnish Lapland during 1986-2007. Five time points were selected: years 1986, 1992, 1998, 2003 and 2007. The levels of PCDDs/Fs and PCBs declined from 1986 until 2003 in both females and males, but tended to increase again in 2007. The peak levels of the most abundant PBDE congeners (PBDEs 47, 99, 100 and 153) were measured in 1998 and 2003. These results reveal that the levels of dioxin-like chemicals remain high also in rural areas in Lapland, whereas the concentrations of brominated flame retardants decreased and follow the current restriction prohibitions.
尽管国际上已经禁止和限制使用二恶英类化学物质和溴化阻燃剂，但它们在环境中仍然普遍存在。这些化学物质不会停留在它们的来源附近，而是可以被长距离运输，实际上甚至可以到达高纬度的原始地区。然而，监测这些化学物质在环境中的氯化和溴化形式的水平趋势的时间序列实验相对较少。在这项研究中，1986 年至 2007 年期间，在芬兰拉普兰偏远地区捕获的田鼠（Myodes glareolus）的肝脏和肌肉中测量了多氯二苯并对二恶英和呋喃（PCDD/Fs）、多氯联苯（PCBs）和多溴二乙基醚（PBDEs）的浓度。选择了五个时间点：1986 年、1992 年、1998 年、2003 年和 2007 年。在雌性和雄性田鼠中，PCDD/Fs 和 PCBs 的水平从 1986 年下降到 2003 年，但在 2007 年又有上升的趋势。最丰富的 PBDE 同系物（PBDEs 47、99、100 和 153）的峰值水平出现在 1998 年和 2003 年。这些结果表明，二恶英类化学物质的水平在拉普兰的农村地区仍然很高，而溴化阻燃剂的浓度下降，并且符合当前的限制禁令。
