竹叶花椒对小菜蛾（Plutella xylostella）的化学成分及杀幼虫活性
Chemical composition and larvicidal activity of Zanthoxylum armatum against diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella.
作者信息
Kumar Vishal, Reddy S G Eswara, Chauhan Urvashi, Kumar Neeraj, Singh Bikram
机构信息
a Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division , CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology , Palampur, Himachal Pradesh , India.
b Entomology Laboratory, Hill Area Tea Science Division , CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology , Palampur, Himachal Pradesh , India.
出版信息
Nat Prod Res. 2016;30(6):689-92. doi: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1036270. Epub 2015 Apr 29.
The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) is the most serious pest of cruciferous crops grown in the world causing economic yield loss. Several synthetic insecticides have been used against P. xylostella but satisfactory control was not achieved due to development of resistance to insecticides. Therefore, the present study was carried out to screen different fractions of Zanthoxylum armatum for their insecticidal activities against second instar larvae of P. xylostella. Results indicate, all the fractions showed activity to P. xylostella. However, n-hexane fraction of Z. armatum showed maximum larvicidal activity with minimum LC50 value of 2988.6 ppm followed by ethanol (LC50 = 12779.7 ppm) and methanol fraction (LC50 = 12908.8 ppm) whereas chloroform fraction was least toxic (LC50 = 16750.6 ppm). The GC-MS analysis of n-hexane fraction of leaf extract showed maximum larvicidal activity, which may be due to two major compounds i.e. 2-undecanone (19.75%) and 2-tridecanone (11.76%).
小菜蛾，即小菜蛾（鳞翅目：菜蛾科），是世界范围内十字花科作物最严重的害虫，会造成经济产量损失。人们已经使用了几种合成杀虫剂来防治小菜蛾，但由于对杀虫剂产生了抗性，未能实现令人满意的防治效果。因此，本研究旨在筛选竹叶花椒的不同提取物对小菜蛾二龄幼虫的杀虫活性。结果表明，所有提取物对小菜蛾均有活性。然而，竹叶花椒的正己烷提取物表现出最大的杀幼虫活性，最低半数致死浓度（LC50）值为2988.6 ppm，其次是乙醇提取物（LC50 = 12779.7 ppm）和甲醇提取物（LC50 = 12908.8 ppm），而氯仿提取物毒性最小（LC50 = 16750.6 ppm）。叶提取物正己烷提取物的气相色谱 - 质谱分析显示出最大的杀幼虫活性，这可能归因于两种主要化合物，即2 - 十一烷酮（19.75%）和2 - 十三烷酮（11.76%）。
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