Khun K, Ibupoto Z H, Liu X, Nur O, Willander M, Danielsson B
J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2014 Sep;14(9):6723-31. doi: 10.1166/jnn.2014.9377.
In this work, ZnO nanorods were hydrothermally grown on the gold-coated glass substrate and characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The ZnO nanorods were functionalized by two different approaches and performance of the sensor electrode was monitored. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was carried out for the confirmation of interaction between the ionophore molecules and ZnO nanorods. In addition to this, the surface of the electrode was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showing the chemical and electronic state of the ionophore and ZnO nanorod components. The ionophore solution was prepared in the stabilizer, poly vinyl chloride (PVC) and additives, and then functionalized on the ZnO nanorods that have shown the Nernstian response with the slope of 31 mV/decade. However, the Cu2+ ion sensor was fabricated only by immobilizing the selective copper ion ionophore membrane without the use of PVC, plasticizers, additives and stabilizers and the sensor electrode showed a linear potentiometric response with a slope of 56.4 mV/decade within a large dynamic concentration range (from 1.0 x 10(-6) to 1.0 x 10(-1) M) of copper (II) nitrate solutions. The sensor showed excellent repeatability and reproducibility with response time of less than 10 s. The negligible response to potentially interfering metal ions such as calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), potassium (K+), iron (Fe3+), zinc (Zn2+), and sodium (Na+) allows this sensor to be used in biological studies. It may also be used as an indicator electrode in the potentiometric titration.
在本工作中，在涂有金的玻璃基板上通过水热法生长氧化锌纳米棒，并用场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）和X射线衍射（XRD）技术对其进行表征。通过两种不同方法对氧化锌纳米棒进行功能化处理，并监测传感器电极的性能。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）来确认离子载体分子与氧化锌纳米棒之间的相互作用。除此之外，通过X射线光电子能谱（XPS）对电极表面进行表征，以显示离子载体和氧化锌纳米棒组分的化学和电子状态。离子载体溶液是在稳定剂聚氯乙烯（PVC）和添加剂中制备的，然后在已显示出能斯特响应且斜率为31 mV/十倍浓度变化的氧化锌纳米棒上进行功能化处理。然而，仅通过固定选择性铜离子离子载体膜制备了铜离子传感器，未使用PVC、增塑剂、添加剂和稳定剂，该传感器电极在硝酸铜溶液的大动态浓度范围（从1.0×10⁻⁶到1.0×10⁻¹ M）内呈现出斜率为56.4 mV/十倍浓度变化的线性电位响应。该传感器具有出色的重复性和再现性，响应时间小于10 s。对诸如钙（Ca²⁺）、镁（Mg²⁺）、钾（K⁺）、铁（Fe³⁺）、锌（Zn²⁺）和钠（Na⁺）等潜在干扰金属离子的响应可忽略不计，这使得该传感器可用于生物学研究。它还可在电位滴定中用作指示电极。
