Moyen Nicole E, Anderson Hannah M, Burchfield Jenna M, Tucker Matthew A, Gonzalez Melina A, Robinson Forrest B, Ganio Matthew S
Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas.
Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2015 Jul 1;309(1):R36-42. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00079.2015. Epub 2015 Apr 29.
The purpose of this study was to compare smokers and nonsmokers' sudomotor and cutaneous vascular responses to whole body passive heat stress. Nine regularly smoking (SMK: 29 ± 9 yr; 10 ± 6 cigarettes/day) and 13 nonsmoking (N-SMK: 27 ± 8 yr) males were passively heated until core temperature (TC) increased 1.5°C from baseline. Forearm local sweat rate (LSR) via ventilated capsule, sweat gland activation (SGA), sweat gland output (SGO), and cutaneous vasomotor activity via laser-Doppler flowmetry (CVC) were measured as mean body temperature increased (ΔTb) during passive heating using a water-perfused suit. Compared with N-SMK, SMK had a smaller ΔTb at the onset of sweating (0.52 ± 0.19 vs. 0.35 ± 0.14°C, respectively; P = 0.03) and cutaneous vasodilation (0.61 ± 0.21 vs. 0.31 ± 0.12°C, respectively; P < 0.01). Increases in LSR and CVC per °C ΔTb (i.e., sensitivity) were similar in N-SMK and SMK (LSR: 0.63 ± 0.21 vs. 0.60 ± 0.40 Δmg/cm(2)/min/°C ΔTb, respectively, P = 0.81; CVC: 82.5 ± 46.2 vs. 58.9 ± 23.3 Δ%max/°C ΔTb, respectively; P = 0.19). However, the plateau in LSR during whole body heating was higher in N-SMK vs. SMK (1.00 ± 0.13 vs. 0.79 ± 0.26 mg·cm(-2)·min(-1); P = 0.03), which was likely a result of higher SGO (8.94 ± 3.99 vs. 5.94 ± 3.49 μg·gland(-1)·min(-1), respectively; P = 0.08) and not number of SGA (104 ± 7 vs. 121 ± 9 glands/cm(2), respectively; P = 0.58). During whole body passive heat stress, smokers had an earlier onset for forearm sweating and cutaneous vasodilation, but a lower local sweat rate that was likely due to lower sweat output per gland. These data provide insight into local (i.e., forearm) thermoregulatory responses of young smokers during uncompensatory whole body passive heat stress.
本研究的目的是比较吸烟者和非吸烟者对全身被动热应激的汗腺运动和皮肤血管反应。九名经常吸烟的男性（SMK：29±9岁；每天10±6支香烟）和13名不吸烟的男性（N-SMK：27±8岁）被被动加热，直到核心体温（TC）比基线升高1.5°C。在使用水灌注服进行被动加热期间，随着平均体温升高（ΔTb），通过通风胶囊测量前臂局部出汗率（LSR）、汗腺激活（SGA）、汗腺输出（SGO），并通过激光多普勒血流仪测量皮肤血管运动活性（CVC）。与N-SMK相比，SMK在出汗开始时的ΔTb较小（分别为0.52±0.19 vs. 0.35±0.14°C；P = 0.03），皮肤血管舒张时的ΔTb也较小（分别为0.61±0.21 vs. 0.31±0.12°C；P < 0.01）。N-SMK和SMK每°C ΔTb时LSR和CVC的增加（即敏感性）相似（LSR：分别为0.63±0.21 vs. 0.60±0.40 Δmg/cm²/min/°C ΔTb，P = 0.81；CVC：分别为82.5±46.2 vs. 58.9±23.3 Δ%max/°C ΔTb；P = 0.19）。然而，全身加热期间N-SMK的LSR平台期高于SMK（1.00±0.13 vs. 0.79±甘氨酸·cm⁻²·min⁻¹；P = 0.03），这可能是由于SGO较高（分别为8.94±3.99 vs. 5.94±3.49 μg·腺⁻¹·min⁻¹；P = 0.08），而不是SGA的数量（分别为104±7 vs. 121±9个腺/cm²；P = 0.58）。在全身被动热应激期间，吸烟者前臂出汗和皮肤血管舒张的起始时间较早，但局部出汗率较低，这可能是由于每个腺体的汗液输出较低。这些数据为年轻吸烟者在非代偿性全身被动热应激期间的局部（即前臂）体温调节反应提供了见解。
