Maruoka K, Muraoka M, Nakai Y, Yagi H
Nihon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho. 1989 Nov;92(11):1939-46. doi: 10.3950/jibiinkoka.92.1939.
We encountered 21 cases of congenital ear lobe anomalies at our clinic during the past seven years. This report presents our system for classification of these cases and describes some typical cases. We divided ear lobe anomalies into four groups according to the type of lobe as follows; large, adhesive, defective and cleft ear lobe type. In the large lobe type, the ear lobe is characteristically large. For the adhesive lobe type, no angle is formed between the ear lobe and the face, i.e. the helix is elongated in a straight line towards the face. The cleft ear lobe type is classified into two surgical categories, viz. the cleft and appendage types. The former is recognized by a cleft on the lobe which continues from the helix, whereas the latter type has an appendage on the lobe. Combinations of these two types are included in the cleft type because a cleft in the lobe is more significant in terms of the shape of the repaired ear lobe. As regards the surgical repair of these anomalies, careful consideration is required in order to accomplish tridimensional reconstruction and create the natural curve of the lobe using z-plasty and other local flaps.
在过去七年中，我们诊所共接诊了21例先天性耳垂畸形病例。本报告介绍了我们对这些病例的分类系统，并描述了一些典型病例。我们根据耳垂类型将耳垂畸形分为四组，具体如下：大耳垂型、粘连耳垂型、缺损耳垂型和裂耳垂型。在大耳垂型中，耳垂的特征是较大。对于粘连耳垂型，耳垂与面部之间没有形成角度，即耳轮沿直线向面部延伸。裂耳垂型分为两个手术类别，即裂隙型和附属物型。前者表现为耳垂上有一条从耳轮延续而来的裂隙，而后者在耳垂上有一个附属物。这两种类型的组合归为裂隙型，因为就修复后耳垂的形状而言，耳垂上的裂隙更为显著。关于这些畸形的手术修复，需要仔细考虑，以便通过Z成形术和其他局部皮瓣完成三维重建并塑造耳垂的自然曲线。
