Mądra A, Frątczak K, Grzywacz A, Matuszewski S
Laboratory of Criminalistics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Św. Marcin 90, 61-809 Poznań, Poland; Natural History Collections, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
Laboratory of Criminalistics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Św. Marcin 90, 61-809 Poznań, Poland; Department of Animal Taxonomy and Ecology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
Forensic Sci Int. 2015 Jul;252:1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.04.013. Epub 2015 Apr 20.
Long-term changes of carrion entomofauna are poorly understood. No single carrion study lasted longer than one year. We studied entomofauna of large pig carcasses in the second and the third year postmortem. Ten carcasses were exposed in xerothermic grasslands of Western Poland in spring, early and late summer of 2012. Entomofauna was monitored until September of 2014. 72 species were found in the second year, and six in the third year. In the second or the third year carcasses from the late summer block revealed larger number of taxa compared to carcasses from the spring or the early summer block. Taxa differed in pattern of multiple larval colonizations. Only necrophagous taxa breeding in long-lasting carrion parts as well as predators feeding on arthropods present in these parts were found to recolonize. Recolonizations were always recorded in the second or the third year after death. Patterns of multiple colonization depended on the time of carcass exposure in the first year. Residencies of larvae were unexpectedly long in the second year. Several forensically important flies overwintered on carcasses in the larval stage. Current results support the view that insect fauna of cadavers with long post-mortem interval (PMI) may be used for PMI estimation.
腐肉昆虫群落的长期变化鲜为人知。没有一项腐肉研究持续时间超过一年。我们研究了猪大尸体在死后第二年和第三年的昆虫群落。2012年春、夏初和夏末，在波兰西部的干热草原上放置了10具尸体。对昆虫群落进行监测直至2014年9月。在第二年发现了72个物种，第三年发现了6个物种。与春季或初夏放置的尸体相比，夏末放置的尸体在第二年或第三年显示出更多的分类单元。不同分类单元的多次幼虫定殖模式有所不同。仅发现那些在持久腐肉部位繁殖的食腐性分类单元以及以这些部位的节肢动物为食的捕食者会再次定殖。再次定殖总是在死亡后的第二年或第三年记录到。多次定殖模式取决于尸体在第一年的暴露时间。幼虫在第二年的驻留时间出乎意料地长。几种具有法医重要性的苍蝇以幼虫阶段在尸体上过冬。目前的结果支持这样一种观点，即具有较长死后间隔时间（PMI）的尸体的昆虫区系可用于PMI估计。
