Giami Alain
Inserm, CESP Centre de recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations, U1018-Team 7: Gender, Sexuality, Health, 82 rue du Général Leclerc, 94276, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, Cedex, France,
Arch Sex Behav. 2015 Jul;44(5):1127-38. doi: 10.1007/s10508-015-0549-6.
The simultaneous revision of the two major international classifications of disease, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and the International Classification of Diseases, serves as an opportunity to observe the dynamic processes through which social norms of sexuality are constructed and are subject to change in relation to social, political, and historical context. This article argues that the classifications of sexual disorders, which define pathological aspects of "sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges or behaviors" are representations of contemporary sexual norms, gender identifications, and gender relations. It aims to demonstrate how changes in the medical treatment of sexual perversions/paraphilias passed, over the course of the 20th century, from a model of pathologization (and sometimes criminalization) of non-reproductive sexual behaviors to a model that reflects and privileges sexual well-being and responsibility, and pathologizes the absence or the limitation of consent in sexual relations.
两大主要国际疾病分类——《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》和《国际疾病分类》的同步修订，为观察性取向社会规范的构建动态过程以及其如何随社会、政治和历史背景变化提供了契机。本文认为，性障碍分类定义了“性唤起幻想、性冲动或性行为”的病理方面，是当代性规范、性别认同和性别关系的体现。其目的在于展示在20世纪的进程中，性变态/性偏好障碍的医学治疗模式是如何从将非生殖性行为病理化（有时甚至刑事化）转变为一种反映并重视性健康与责任、将性关系中缺乏同意或同意受限视为病态的模式。
