Pyzik Michal, Rath Timo, Lencer Wayne I, Baker Kristi, Blumberg Richard S
Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115;
Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nueremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
J Immunol. 2015 May 15;194(10):4595-603. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1403014.
The neonatal FcR (FcRn) belongs to the extensive and functionally divergent family of MHC molecules. Contrary to classical MHC family members, FcRn possesses little diversity and is unable to present Ags. Instead, through its capacity to bind IgG and albumin with high affinity at low pH, it regulates the serum half-lives of both of these proteins. In addition, FcRn plays an important role in immunity at mucosal and systemic sites through its ability to affect the lifespan of IgG, as well as its participation in innate and adaptive immune responses. Although the details of its biology are still emerging, the ability of FcRn to rescue albumin and IgG from early degradation represents an attractive approach to alter the plasma half-life of pharmaceuticals. We review some of the most novel aspects of FcRn biology, immune as well as nonimmune, and provide some examples of FcRn-based therapies.
新生儿Fc受体（FcRn）属于MHC分子这一广泛且功能多样的家族。与经典MHC家族成员不同，FcRn几乎没有多样性，无法呈递抗原。相反，它能够在低pH值下以高亲和力结合IgG和白蛋白，从而调节这两种蛋白质的血清半衰期。此外，FcRn通过影响IgG的寿命以及参与固有免疫和适应性免疫反应，在黏膜和全身部位的免疫中发挥重要作用。尽管其生物学细节仍在不断显现，但FcRn从早期降解中拯救白蛋白和IgG的能力代表了一种改变药物血浆半衰期的有吸引力的方法。我们综述了FcRn生物学中一些最新颖的方面，包括免疫和非免疫方面，并提供了一些基于FcRn的治疗实例。
