一种新型中孔活性炭的特性描述及其在饮用水净化方面的性能评估，并与商业碳进行了比较。
Characterization and performance evaluation of an innovative mesoporous activated carbon used for drinking water purification in comparison with commercial carbons.
机构信息
School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin, 150090, Heilongjiang, China,
出版信息
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2015 Sep;22(17):13291-304. doi: 10.1007/s11356-015-4605-5. Epub 2015 May 5.
The preparation, characterization, and performance evaluation of an innovative mesoporous activated carbon (C-XHIT) were conducted in this study. Comparative evaluation with commercial carbons (C-PS and C-ZJ15) and long-term performance evaluation of C-XHIT were conducted in small-scale system-A (S-A) and pilot-scale system-B (S-B-1 and S-B-2 in series), respectively, for treating water from Songhua River. The cumulative uptake of micropollutants varied with KBV (water volume fed to columns divided by the mass of carbons, m(3) H2O/kg carbon) was employed in the performance evaluation. The results identified that mesoporous and microporous volumes were simultaneously well-developed in C-XHIT. Higher mesoporosity (63.94 %) and average pore width (37.91 Å) of C-XHIT ensured a higher adsorption capacity for humic acid compared to C-PS and C-ZJ15. When the KBV of S-A reached 12.58 m(3) H2O/kg carbon, cumulative uptake of organic pollutants achieved by C-XHIT increased by 32.82 and 156.29 % for DOC (QC) and 22.53 and 112.48 % for UV254 (QUV) compared to C-PS and C-ZJ15, respectively; in contrast, the adsorption capacity of NH4 (+)-N did not improve significantly. C-XHIT achieved high average removal efficiencies for DOC (77.43 ± 16.54 %) and UV254 (83.18 ± 13.88 %) in S-B over 253 days of operation (KBV = 62 m(3) H2O/kg carbon). Adsorption dominated the removal of DOC and UV254 in the initial phases of KBV (0-15 m(3) H2O/kg carbon), and simultaneous biodegradation and adsorption were identified as the mechanisms for organic pollutant uptake at KBV above 25 m(3) H2O/kg carbon. The average rates contributed by S-B-1 and S-B-2 for QC and QUV were approximately 0.75 and 0.25, respectively. Good linear and exponential correlations were observed between S-A and S-B in terms of QC and QUV obtained by C-XHIT, respectively, for the same KBV ranges, indicating a rapid and cost-saving evaluation method. The linear correlation between mesoporosity and QC (QUV) was also identified by the evolution of the property indices of C-XHIT.
本研究制备、表征并评价了一种新型中孔活性炭（C-XHIT）。通过在小型系统-A（S-A）和中试系统-B（S-B-1 和 S-B-2 串联）中分别与商业碳（C-PS 和 C-ZJ15）进行比较评价和长期性能评价，考察了其处理松花江水源水的效果。采用累积去除量（KBV，进样体积除以碳的质量，m³ H2O/kg 碳）来评价其性能。结果表明，C-XHIT 同时具有中孔和微孔发达的特点。C-XHIT 具有较高的中孔率（63.94%）和平均孔径（37.91Å），因此对腐殖酸的吸附容量高于 C-PS 和 C-ZJ15。当 S-A 的 KBV 达到 12.58 m³ H2O/kg 碳时，C-XHIT 对有机污染物的累积去除量，DOC（QC）提高了 32.82%和 156.29%，UV254（QUV）提高了 22.53%和 112.48%，而对 NH4（+）-N 的吸附容量没有明显提高。在 253 天的运行时间内（KBV=62 m³ H2O/kg 碳），C-XHIT 在 S-B 中对 DOC（77.43±16.54%）和 UV254（83.18±13.88%）的平均去除效率较高。在 KBV 较低（0-15 m³ H2O/kg 碳）时，吸附是去除 DOC 和 UV254 的主要机制，在 KBV 较高（>25 m³ H2O/kg 碳）时，同时发生生物降解和吸附作用。S-B-1 和 S-B-2 对 QC 和 QUV 的贡献平均速率分别约为 0.75 和 0.25。对于相同的 KBV 范围，C-XHIT 在 S-A 和 S-B 中对 QC 和 QUV 的去除效果具有良好的线性和指数相关性，表明这是一种快速且节省成本的评价方法。通过 C-XHIT 的性能指标的演变，也发现了中孔率与 QC（QUV）之间的线性关系。
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