Berra Martin, Galperín Gustavo, Dawidowski Laura, Tau Julia, Márquez Isabel, Berra Alejandro
Hospital de Oftalmología Pedro Lagleyze, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Grupo de Monitoreo Ambiental, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Arq Bras Oftalmol. 2015 Mar-Apr;78(2):110-4. doi: 10.5935/0004-2749.20150028.
To evaluate the acute impact of the wildfire smoke episode in 2008 on the ocular surface of subjects living in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires (MABA).
A total of 86 subjects were evaluated: Group 1 comprised patients from a public ophthalmology hospital (N=35) and Group 2 comprised healthy volunteers (N=51). All subjects answered a questionnaire on ocular symptoms and underwent ophthalmologic examination [bulbar conjunctival hyperemia, corneal fluorescein staining, rose bengal vital staining, tear break-up time (TBUT), Schirmer I test, tear lysozyme, and impression cytology] during and after the acute episode. Concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and particulate matter (PM) were measured before, during, and after the acute episode.
Both groups showed a statically significant increase in ocular symptoms and bulbar conjunctival hyperemia and a statically significant decrease in tear break-up time during the acute episode. Group 1 showed more severe symptoms and a statistically significant increase in fluorescein and rose bengal staining intensities during the acute episode. We found a significant negative correlation between ocular symptoms and tear break-up time. During the episode, the levels of CO, NO2, and particulate matter in MABA were four times higher than the usual average levels for the same period in 2007 and 2009.
Increased air pollution from the burning of biomass is associated with a decrease in the stability of the tear film (TBUT), generating areas of ocular surface exposure that may be the cause of the increased feeling of irritation. Group 1 was more affected by not having a healthy ocular surface, and thus consulted an ophthalmologist. Cytological changes in the conjunctiva were not observed, which could be due to the short duration of the episode.
评估2008年野火烟雾事件对居住在布宜诺斯艾利斯大都市区（MABA）的受试者眼表的急性影响。
共评估了86名受试者：第1组包括一家公立眼科医院的患者（N = 35），第2组包括健康志愿者（N = 51）。所有受试者在急性事件期间及之后回答了一份关于眼部症状的问卷，并接受了眼科检查[球结膜充血、角膜荧光素染色、孟加拉玫瑰红活体染色、泪膜破裂时间（TBUT）、Schirmer I试验、泪液溶菌酶和印片细胞学检查]。在急性事件之前、期间和之后测量了一氧化碳（CO）、二氧化氮（NO2）和颗粒物（PM）的浓度。
两组在急性事件期间眼部症状和球结膜充血均有统计学意义的增加，泪膜破裂时间有统计学意义的缩短。第1组在急性事件期间症状更严重，荧光素和孟加拉玫瑰红染色强度有统计学意义的增加。我们发现眼部症状与泪膜破裂时间之间存在显著负相关。在该事件期间，MABA的CO、NO2和颗粒物水平比2007年和2009年同期的通常平均水平高出四倍。
生物质燃烧导致的空气污染增加与泪膜稳定性（TBUT）下降有关，产生眼表暴露区域，这可能是刺激感增加的原因。第1组因眼表不健康而受影响更大，因此咨询了眼科医生。未观察到结膜的细胞学变化，这可能是由于该事件持续时间较短。
