Hyodo Fuminori, Ito Shinji, Utsumi Hideo
Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University.
Yakugaku Zasshi. 2015;135(5):725-31. doi: 10.1248/yakushi.14-00235-2.
Tissue redox status is one of the most important parameters to maintain homeostasis in the living body. Numerous redox reactions are involved in metabolic processes, such as energy production in the mitochondrial electron transfer system. A variety of intracellular molecules such as reactive oxygen species, glutathione, thioredoxins, NADPH, flavins, and ascorbic acid may contribute to the overall redox status in tissues. Breakdown of redox balance may lead to oxidative stress and can induce many pathological conditions such as cancer, neurological disorders, and aging. Therefore imaging of tissue redox status and monitoring antioxidant levels in living organisms can be useful in the diagnosis of disease states and assessment of treatment response. In vivo redox molecular imaging technology such as electron spin resonance imaging (ESRI), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP)-MRI (redox molecular imaging; ReMI) is emerging as a viable redox status imaging modality. This review focuses on the application of magnetic resonance technologies using MRI or DNP-MRI and redox-sensitive contrast agents.
组织氧化还原状态是维持生物体体内平衡的最重要参数之一。众多氧化还原反应参与代谢过程，如线粒体电子传递系统中的能量产生。多种细胞内分子，如活性氧、谷胱甘肽、硫氧还蛋白、烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸（NADPH）、黄素和抗坏血酸，可能对组织的整体氧化还原状态有贡献。氧化还原平衡的破坏可能导致氧化应激，并可引发许多病理状况，如癌症、神经紊乱和衰老。因此，对组织氧化还原状态进行成像以及监测活生物体中的抗氧化剂水平，可能有助于疾病状态的诊断和治疗反应的评估。诸如电子自旋共振成像（ESRI）、磁共振成像（MRI）和动态核极化（DNP）-MRI（氧化还原分子成像；ReMI）等体内氧化还原分子成像技术正作为一种可行的氧化还原状态成像方式而兴起。本综述聚焦于使用MRI或DNP-MRI以及氧化还原敏感造影剂的磁共振技术的应用。
