Department of Radiology, Frontier Science for Imaging, School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan.
Center for Advanced Medical Open Innovation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Free Radic Res. 2021 Apr;55(4):343-351. doi: 10.1080/10715762.2020.1859109. Epub 2020 Dec 14.
Redox reactions accompanied by the oxidation-reduction of endogenous molecules play important roles in maintaining homeostasis in living organisms. In humans, numerous endogenous molecules that contribute toward maintaining physiological conditions form free radicals electron transfer. A typical example of this is the mitochondrial electron transport chain, which is involved in energy production. If free radicals derived from endogenous molecules could be visualized and exploited as biological and functional probes, redox reactions mediated by endogenous molecules could be detected non-invasively. We succeeded in visualizing the free radicals derived from endogenous molecules using an dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system. In this review, we describe the visualization of endogenous redox molecules, such as flavins and ubiquinones, which are mitochondrial electron carriers, as well as vitamin E and vitamin C (ascorbate). In addition, we describe the application of melanin free radicals for the visualization of metabola without using probes DNP-MRI.
氧化还原反应伴随着内源性分子的氧化还原反应，在维持生物体内的动态平衡中发挥着重要作用。在人类中，许多有助于维持生理状态的内源性分子形成自由基和电子转移。线粒体电子传递链就是一个典型的例子，它参与能量的产生。如果内源性分子衍生的自由基可以被可视化并作为生物和功能探针加以利用，那么由内源性分子介导的氧化还原反应就可以进行非侵入性检测。我们成功地使用动态核极化（DNP）磁共振成像（MRI）系统可视化了内源性分子衍生的自由基。在这篇综述中，我们描述了内源性氧化还原分子（如黄素和泛醌，它们是线粒体电子载体）以及维生素 E 和维生素 C（抗坏血酸）的可视化。此外，我们还描述了黑色素自由基在不使用探针的情况下用于代谢物可视化的应用，而无需使用 DNP-MRI。
