在对一组年轻男性进行26年随访后，生活方式和生物风险标志物预测发病率和死亡率的可能性。
The possibility of lifestyle and biological risk markers to predict morbidity and mortality in a cohort of young men after 26 years follow-up.
作者信息
Persson Lars-Göran, Lingfors Hans, Nilsson Mats, Mölstad Sigvard
机构信息
Futurum, Health Care Centre of Habo and Unit for Research and Development in Primary Health Care, Jönköping, Sweden.
Primary Health Care, Futurum County Council of Jönköping, Jönköping, Sweden.
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2015 May 6;5(5):e006798. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006798.
OBJECTIVES
To study the association between lifestyle and biological risk markers measured at one occasion, morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer, and morbidity from diabetes approximately 26 years later.
DESIGN
A follow-up study of a cohort of men, 33-42 years old at baseline.
SETTING
Primary healthcare centre in Sweden.
PARTICIPANTS
All 757 men, living in the community of Habo in Sweden in 1985, and all 652 of these participating in a health examination in 1985-1987.
INTERVENTIONS
Health profile and a health dialogue with a nurse. A doctor invited the high-risk group to further dialogue and examination. Intervention programmes were carried out in the primary healthcare centre and in cooperation with local associations.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
CVD and cancer diagnoses from the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare. Data from pharmacy registers of sold drugs concerning diabetes mellitus.
RESULTS
The participants were divided in three groups based on summarised risk points from lifestyle (smoking, physical activity, alcohol consumption) and biological risk markers (body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, serum cholesterol) selected from the health profile. Comparisons were done between these groups. The group with the lowest summarised total risk points had a significantly lower risk for CVD and cancer compared with the group with the highest summarised risk points. The group with the lowest risk points concerning lifestyle had a significantly lower risk for CVD, and the group with lowest risk points for biological risk markers had a significantly lower risk for both CVD and cancer compared with the groups with the highest risk points. Smoking and serum cholesterol were the most important risk factors. In association to diabetes, BMI and smoking were the most important risk factors.
CONCLUSIONS
Risk factors measured on one occasion seemed to be able to predict CVD, cancer and diabetes 26 years later.
目的
研究某一时刻所测量的生活方式与生物风险标志物之间的关联，以及约26年后心血管疾病（CVD）和癌症的发病率、死亡率和糖尿病的发病率。
设计
对一组基线年龄为33 - 42岁男性的随访研究。
地点
瑞典的初级医疗保健中心。
参与者
1985年居住在瑞典哈博社区的所有757名男性，以及其中在1985 - 1987年参加健康检查的所有652人。
干预措施
健康状况评估以及与护士进行健康对话。医生邀请高危人群进行进一步对话和检查。干预项目在初级医疗保健中心开展，并与当地协会合作进行。
主要结局指标
瑞典国家卫生和福利委员会提供的CVD和癌症诊断数据。来自药品销售药房登记册中有关糖尿病的药物数据。
结果
根据从健康状况评估中选取的生活方式（吸烟、身体活动、饮酒）和生物风险标志物（体重指数（BMI）、血压、血清胆固醇）的汇总风险点，将参与者分为三组。对这些组进行了比较。汇总总风险点最低的组与汇总风险点最高的组相比，CVD和癌症风险显著更低。生活方式风险点最低的组CVD风险显著更低，生物风险标志物风险点最低的组与风险点最高的组相比，CVD和癌症风险均显著更低。吸烟和血清胆固醇是最重要的风险因素。与糖尿病相关，BMI和吸烟是最重要的风险因素。
结论
某一时刻测量的风险因素似乎能够预测26年后的CVD、癌症和糖尿病。
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