Murphy Amanda M, Wong Alison L, Bezuhly Michael
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dalhousie University, 5850/5980 University Avenue, PO Box 9700, B3K 6R8 Halifax, NS Canada.
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dalhousie University, 5850/5980 University Avenue, PO Box 9700, B3K 6R8 Halifax, NS Canada ; IWK Health Centre, Dalhousie University, 5850/5980 University Avenue, PO Box 9700, B3K 6R8 Halifax, NS Canada.
Fibrogenesis Tissue Repair. 2015 Apr 23;8:7. doi: 10.1186/s13069-015-0023-z. eCollection 2015.
Over the last decade, it has become clear that the role of angiotensin II extends far beyond recognized renal and cardiovascular effects. The presence of an autologous renin-angiotensin system has been demonstrated in almost all tissues of the body. It is now known that angiotensin II acts both independently and in synergy with TGF-beta to induce fibrosis via the angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1) in a multitude of tissues outside of the cardiovascular and renal systems, including pulmonary fibrosis, intra-abdominal fibrosis, and systemic sclerosis. Interestingly, recent studies have described a paradoxically regenerative effect of the angiotensin system via stimulation of the angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2). Activation of AT2 has been shown to ameliorate fibrosis in animal models of skeletal muscle, gastrointestinal, and neurologic diseases. Clinical reports suggest a beneficial role for modulation of angiotensin II signaling in cutaneous scarring. This article reviews current knowledge on the role that angiotensin II plays in tissue fibrosis, as well as current and potential therapies targeting this system.
在过去十年中，已明确血管紧张素II的作用远远超出了公认的对肾脏和心血管系统的影响。人体几乎所有组织中都已证实存在自体肾素-血管紧张素系统。现在已知，血管紧张素II既独立发挥作用，也与转化生长因子-β协同作用，通过1型血管紧张素受体（AT1）在心血管和肾脏系统之外的多种组织中诱导纤维化，包括肺纤维化、腹腔内纤维化和系统性硬化症。有趣的是，最近的研究描述了血管紧张素系统通过刺激2型血管紧张素受体（AT2）产生的一种矛盾的再生作用。在骨骼肌、胃肠道和神经系统疾病的动物模型中，AT2的激活已显示可改善纤维化。临床报告表明，调节血管紧张素II信号传导在皮肤瘢痕形成中具有有益作用。本文综述了关于血管紧张素II在组织纤维化中作用的当前知识，以及针对该系统的现有和潜在治疗方法。
