Kadoya Chikara, Lee Byeong-Woo, Ogami Akira, Oyabu Takako, Nishi Ken-ichiro, Yamamoto Makoto, Todoroki Motoi, Morimoto Yasuo, Tanaka Isamu, Myojo Toshihiko
a Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health , Kitakyushu , Japan.
Nanotoxicology. 2016;10(2):194-203. doi: 10.3109/17435390.2015.1039093. Epub 2015 May 7.
The health risks of inhalation exposure to engineered nanomaterials in the workplace are a major concern in recent years, and hazard assessments of these materials are being conducted. The pulmonary surfactant of lung alveoli is the first biological entity to have contact with airborne nanomaterials in inhaled air. In this study, we retrospectively evaluated the pulmonary surfactant components of rat lungs after a 4-week inhalation exposure to three different nanomaterials: fullerenes, nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), with similar levels of average aerosol concentration (0.13-0.37 mg/m(3)). Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of the rat lungs stored after previous inhalation studies was analyzed, focusing on total protein and the surfactant components, such as phospholipids and surfactant-specific SP-D (surfactant protein D) and the BALF surface tension, which is affected by SP-B and SP-C. Compared with a control group, significant changes in the BALF surface tension and the concentrations of phospholipids, total protein and SP-D were observed in rats exposed to NiO nanoparticles, but not in those exposed to fullerenes. Surface tension and the levels of surfactant phospholipids and proteins were also significantly different in rats exposed to MWCNTs. The concentrations of phospholipids, total protein and SP-D and BALF surface tension were correlated significantly with the polymorphonuclear neutrophil counts in the BALF. These results suggest that pulmonary surfactant components can be used as measures of lung inflammation.
近年来， workplace中吸入工程纳米材料对健康的风险成为主要关注点，并且正在对这些材料进行危害评估。肺泡的肺表面活性剂是与吸入空气中的空气传播纳米材料接触的首个生物实体。在本研究中，我们回顾性评估了大鼠肺部在吸入三种不同纳米材料（富勒烯、氧化镍（NiO）纳米颗粒和多壁碳纳米管（MWCNT））4周后的肺表面活性剂成分，平均气溶胶浓度水平相似（0.13 - 0.37 mg/m³）。分析了先前吸入研究后储存的大鼠肺部支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF），重点关注总蛋白以及表面活性剂成分，如磷脂和表面活性剂特异性SP - D（表面活性剂蛋白D）以及受SP - B和SP - C影响的BALF表面张力。与对照组相比，暴露于NiO纳米颗粒的大鼠BALF表面张力以及磷脂、总蛋白和SP - D浓度出现显著变化，而暴露于富勒烯的大鼠未出现此类变化。暴露于MWCNT的大鼠表面张力以及表面活性剂磷脂和蛋白质水平也存在显著差异。磷脂、总蛋白和SP - D浓度以及BALF表面张力与BALF中的多形核中性粒细胞计数显著相关。这些结果表明肺表面活性剂成分可作为肺部炎症的指标。
