Debels Heidi, Gerrand Yi-Wen, Poon Christopher J, Abberton Keren M, Morrison Wayne A, Mitchell Geraldine M
O'Brien Institute, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Free University of Brussels (VUB), Belgium.
J Tissue Eng Regen Med. 2017 Apr;11(4):1230-1241. doi: 10.1002/term.2025. Epub 2015 May 6.
'Off-the-shelf' tissue-engineered skin alternatives for epidermal and dermal skin layers are available; however, no such alternative for the subdermal fat layer exists. Without this well-vascularized layer, skin graft take is variable and grafts may have reduced mobility, contracture and contour defects. In this study a novel adipose-derived acellular matrix (Adipogel) was investigated for its properties to generate subdermal fat in a rat model. In a dorsal thoracic site, a 1 × 1 cm Adipogel implant was inserted within a subdermal fat layer defect. In a dorsal lumbar site, an Adipogel implant was inserted in a subfascial pocket. Contralateral control defects remained empty. At 8 weeks wound/implant sites were evaluated histologically, immunohistochemically and morphometrically. Identifiable thoracic Adipogel implants lost volume in vivo over 8 weeks. Neovascularization and adipogenesis were evident within implants and adipocyte percentage volume was 33.07 ± 6.55% (mean ± SEM). A comparison of entire cross-sections of thoracic wounds demonstrated a significant increase in total wound fat in Adipogel-implanted wounds (37.19 ± 4.48%, mean ± SEM) compared to control (16.53 ± 4.60%; p = 0.0092), indicating that some Adipogel had been completely converted to normal fat. At the lumbar site, Adipogel also lost volume, appearing flattened, although fat generation and angiogenesis occurred. At both sites macrophage infiltration was mild, whilst many infiltrating cells were PDGFRβ-positive mesenchymal cells. Adipogel is adipogenic and angiogenic and is a promising candidate for subcutaneous fat regeneration; it has the potential to be a valuable adjunct to wound-healing therapy and reconstructive surgery practice. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
用于表皮和真皮层的“现成的”组织工程皮肤替代品已有供应；然而，对于皮下脂肪层却没有这样的替代品。没有这个血管丰富的层，皮肤移植的成活率不稳定，移植的皮肤可能会出现活动度降低、挛缩和轮廓缺陷。在本研究中，对一种新型的脂肪来源脱细胞基质（脂肪凝胶）在大鼠模型中生成皮下脂肪的特性进行了研究。在背部胸部位置，将一块1×1厘米的脂肪凝胶植入物插入皮下脂肪层缺损处。在背部腰部位置，将一块脂肪凝胶植入物插入筋膜下腔隙。对侧对照缺损处保持为空。在8周时，对伤口/植入部位进行组织学、免疫组织化学和形态计量学评估。可识别的胸部脂肪凝胶植入物在体内8周内体积减小。植入物内新血管形成和脂肪生成明显，脂肪细胞体积百分比为33.07±6.55%（平均值±标准误）。对胸部伤口的整个横截面进行比较显示，与对照组（16.53±4.60%；p = 0.0092）相比，植入脂肪凝胶的伤口总伤口脂肪量显著增加（37.19±4.48%，平均值±标准误），这表明一些脂肪凝胶已完全转化为正常脂肪。在腰部位置，脂肪凝胶也体积减小，显得扁平，尽管有脂肪生成和血管生成。在两个部位，巨噬细胞浸润都很轻微，同时许多浸润细胞是血小板衍生生长因子受体β（PDGFRβ）阳性的间充质细胞。脂肪凝胶具有成脂和成血管能力，是皮下脂肪再生的有希望的候选物；它有可能成为伤口愈合治疗和重建手术实践中的一种有价值的辅助手段。版权所有© 2015约翰威立父子有限公司。
