Aldrich M S
Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Hospitals, Ann Arbor 41809-0316.
Sleep. 1989 Dec;12(6):487-94. doi: 10.1093/sleep/12.6.487.
Sleep-related motor vehicle accidents are a serious safety hazard both for the driver who falls asleep and for others on the road. Sleep disorders may be significant contributing factor in some of these accidents. We reviewed data on sleep-related accidents from 70 control subjects and 424 adults with four categories of sleep disorders: sleep apnea, narcolepsy, other disorders of excessive sleepiness, and sleep disorders without excessive sleepiness. The proportion of individuals with sleep-related accidents was 1.5-4 times greater in the hypersomnolent patient groups than in the control group. In patients with hypersomnia, the incidence of sleep-related accidents per year of excessive sleepiness was 3-7%. Although the proportion of patients with sleep-related accidents was highest in narcoleptics, apneics were involved in more sleep-related accidents because of their greater number. Apneics and nacroleptics accounted for 71% of all sleep-related accidents. The proportion of severe apneics who had sleep-related accidents was almost twice that of patients with mild or moderate apnea. Mean sleep latency by Multiple Sleep Latency Test did not differ significantly in patients with accidents and those without. Patients with a wide variety of sleep disorders appear to be at increased risk for sleep-related accidents. The severity and duration of hypersomnia are probably not the only factors that contribute to that risk. These findings have implications for the management of patients with sleep disorders.
与睡眠相关的机动车事故对入睡的驾驶员以及路上的其他人员来说都是严重的安全隐患。睡眠障碍可能是其中一些事故的重要促成因素。我们回顾了70名对照受试者和424名患有四类睡眠障碍的成年人的与睡眠相关事故的数据：睡眠呼吸暂停、发作性睡病、其他过度嗜睡障碍以及无过度嗜睡的睡眠障碍。在过度嗜睡患者组中，与睡眠相关事故的个体比例是对照组的1.5至4倍。在患有发作性睡病的患者中，每年因过度嗜睡导致的与睡眠相关事故的发生率为3%至7%。尽管发作性睡病患者中与睡眠相关事故的比例最高，但由于睡眠呼吸暂停患者数量更多，他们涉及的与睡眠相关事故更多。睡眠呼吸暂停患者和发作性睡病患者占所有与睡眠相关事故的71%。患有严重睡眠呼吸暂停且发生与睡眠相关事故的患者比例几乎是轻度或中度睡眠呼吸暂停患者的两倍。通过多次睡眠潜伏期测试得出的平均睡眠潜伏期在发生事故的患者和未发生事故的患者中没有显著差异。患有多种睡眠障碍的患者似乎发生与睡眠相关事故的风险增加。发作性睡病的严重程度和持续时间可能不是导致该风险的唯一因素。这些发现对睡眠障碍患者的管理具有启示意义。
