Gudena Ravindra, Alzahrani Abdullah, Railton Pamela, Powell James, Ganz Reinhold
Orthopaedic Trauma and Lower Extremity Reconstruction, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta - Canada.
Hip Int. 2015 Sep-Oct;25(5):424-7. doi: 10.5301/hipint.5000249. Epub 2015 Apr 27.
There is limited knowledge regarding the anatomic relationships and functional anatomy of the Obturator Externus muscle (OE). It is described as a muscle which originates from the external bony margin of the obturator foramen with a cylindrical tendon which passes like a sling under the femoral neck and inserts in the trochanteric fossa. The primary aim of this study is to describe the OE morphology and its anatomic relationship to the acetabulum. A secondary aim is to postulate its action. Eighteen fresh human cadaveric hips were dissected to investigate the anatomy of the OE. A plastic model of the pelvis and femur was used to create a string model based on a technique previously described by Beck et al. The plastic model was used to determine the function of the OE.We conclude that the Obturator externus muscle helps to stabilise the head of the femur in the socket. The mechanical model demonstrated that the primary action of the obturator externus muscle was to externally rotate the femur when the hip was in neutral position and flexed at 90°. Its secondary function was as an adductor when the hip was in flexion.
关于闭孔外肌（OE）的解剖关系和功能解剖学的知识有限。它被描述为一块起自闭孔外骨缘的肌肉，有一条圆柱状肌腱，像吊索一样在股骨颈下方经过，并插入转子窝。本研究的主要目的是描述闭孔外肌的形态及其与髋臼的解剖关系。次要目的是推测其作用。解剖了18个新鲜的人体尸体髋关节以研究闭孔外肌的解剖结构。基于Beck等人先前描述的技术，使用骨盆和股骨的塑料模型创建了一个绳索模型。该塑料模型用于确定闭孔外肌的功能。我们得出结论，闭孔外肌有助于稳定股骨头在髋臼中的位置。力学模型表明，当髋关节处于中立位并屈曲90°时，闭孔外肌的主要作用是使股骨外旋。当髋关节处于屈曲位时，其次要功能是内收肌。
