Nogan Stephen J, Cass Nathan D, Wiet Gregory J, Ruda James M
Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Ohio State University-Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43212, USA.
Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2015 Jul;79(7):1140-4. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2015.03.028. Epub 2015 Apr 7.
Plastic bronchitis (PB) is characterized by thick, inspissated, tracheobronchial casts. It is classified as either inflammatory or acellular based on the content of the endobronchial casts. PB has never been reported in a healthy child with solitary influenza B infection. This study is a retrospective case series of two children who presented to our institution in acute respiratory distress. Emergency rigid bronchoscopy was performed with extraction of casts from the L mainstem bronchus in both patients. Influenza B was the only isolate identified. In otherwise healthy children with respiratory distress, influenza B-mediated inflammatory PB must be considered in the differential diagnosis.
塑料支气管炎（PB）的特征是有浓稠、浓缩的气管支气管铸型。根据支气管内铸型的成分，它可分为炎症性或无细胞性。从未有过健康儿童单纯感染乙型流感而发生PB的报道。本研究是一项回顾性病例系列研究，涉及两名因急性呼吸窘迫前来我院就诊的儿童。两名患者均接受了急诊硬质支气管镜检查，并从左主支气管取出铸型。仅鉴定出乙型流感。在其他方面健康但有呼吸窘迫的儿童中，鉴别诊断时必须考虑乙型流感介导的炎症性PB。
