Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), EA4492, Maison de la Recherche en Environnement Industriel de Dunkerque, 189A Avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140 Dunkerque, France; Institut Polytechnique LaSalle Beauvais, UP-EGEAL 2012.10.101, 19 rue Pierre Waguet, Beauvais Cedex, France.
Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), EA4492, 50 rue Ferdinand Buisson, 62228 Calais, France; Université de Carthage, Laboratoire des Sciences Horticoles, Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie, 43 Ave Charles Nicolle, 1082 Tunis, Mahrajène, Tunisia.
Sci Total Environ. 2015 Sep 15;527-528:91-9. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.116. Epub 2015 May 14.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF)-assisted phytoremediation could constitute an ecological and economic method in polluted soil rehabilitation programs. The aim of this work was to characterize the trace element (TE) phytoremediation potential of mycorrhizal Miscanthus × giganteus. To understand the mechanisms involved in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis tolerance to TE toxicity, the fatty acid compositions and several stress oxidative biomarkers were compared in the roots and leaves of Miscanthus × giganteus cultivated under field conditions in either TE-contaminated or control soils. TEs were accumulated in greater amounts in roots, but the leaves were the organ most affected by TE contamination and were characterized by a strong decrease in fatty acid contents. TE-induced oxidative stress in leaves was confirmed by an increase in the lipid peroxidation biomarker malondialdehyde (MDA). TE contamination decreased the GSSG/GSH ratio in the leaves of exposed plants, while peroxidase (PO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were increased in leaves and in whole plants, respectively. AMF inoculation also increased root colonization in the presence of TE contamination. The mycorrhizal colonization determined a decrease in SOD activity in the whole plant and PO activities in leaves and induced a significant increase in the fatty acid content in leaves and a decrease in MDA formation in whole plants. These results suggested that mycorrhization is able to confer protection against oxidative stress induced by soil pollution. Our findings suggest that mycorrhizal inoculation could be used as a bioaugmentation technique, facilitating Miscanthus cultivation on highly TE-contaminated soil.
丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）辅助的植物修复可以成为污染土壤修复计划中的一种生态和经济方法。本工作的目的是表征丛枝菌根巨型芒（Miscanthus × giganteus）对微量元素（TE）的植物修复潜力。为了理解丛枝菌根共生体对 TE 毒性的耐受机制，在田间条件下，比较了在 TE 污染或对照土壤中生长的巨型芒的根和叶中的脂肪酸组成和几种应激氧化生物标志物。TE 在根中积累量更大，但叶片是受 TE 污染影响最大的器官，其脂肪酸含量明显下降。叶片中脂质过氧化生物标志物丙二醛（MDA）的增加证实了 TE 诱导的氧化应激。TE 污染降低了暴露植物叶片中的 GSSG/GSH 比，而过氧化物酶（PO）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性分别在叶片和整个植物中增加。AMF 接种也增加了 TE 污染存在下的根定殖。菌根定殖导致整个植物中的 SOD 活性降低和叶片中的 PO 活性增加，并诱导叶片中脂肪酸含量显著增加和整个植物中 MDA 形成减少。这些结果表明，菌根化能够赋予植物对土壤污染诱导的氧化应激的保护。我们的研究结果表明，菌根接种可以用作生物增强技术，促进在高度 TE 污染土壤上种植巨型芒。
