Fry Margaret, Chenoweth Lynn, MacGregor Casimir, Arendts Glenn
Northern Sydney Local Health District, Faculty of Health University of Sydney, Australia.
Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, Australia; University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Int J Nurs Stud. 2015 Aug;52(8):1323-31. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2015.04.013. Epub 2015 Apr 28.
On arrival to the emergency department many older persons are accompanied by family/carers. Yet the role of family/carers in the emergency department is unclear. We know very little about how emergency department nurses balance care practices to accommodate family/carers while specifically meeting the needs of cognitively impaired older persons experiencing pain.
The aim of this paper was to understand emergency nurses' perceptions of the role of family/carers in caring for the older cognitively impaired person experiencing pain.
Emergency nurses were invited to participate in focus group interviews. A semi-structured interview tool was developed from the literature and comprised open-ended questions and three Likert scale items which assisted to focus nurses' thoughts on their perceived role of family/carers in the emergency department.
The study was undertaken across four emergency departments in Sydney, Australia and included two district hospitals and two tertiary referral hospitals.
Emergency nurses were invited to participate in one face to face, focus group interview. Purposive sampling was used and inclusion criteria included at least one year emergency department experience.
Interview data were analysed and organised thematically. Two expert qualitative researchers independently reviewed transcripts and emerging coding and interpretation.
Eighty nurses participated in 16 focus group interviews across four hospitals. Participating nurses included 67 (84%) females and 13 (16%) males with 8.6 years (mean; SD ±8.64) experience in the emergency department. Three key themes relating to family/carers emerged from the analysis. The themes included (i) the role of families and carers in building a clinical picture; (ii) family and carers as a hidden workforce; and (iii) family and carer roles in pain management decision making.
The study has provided insight into the role of family/carers as perceived by emergency nurses. There were many benefits in partnering with family/carers when information gathering on the older cognitively impaired person in pain. Family/carers are sensitive to health behaviour changes of older cognitively impaired people, which can assist nurses to optimise pain management.
许多老年人在抵达急诊科时由家人/护理人员陪同。然而，家人/护理人员在急诊科的作用尚不清楚。我们对急诊科护士如何平衡护理措施以兼顾家人/护理人员，同时又能满足认知障碍且疼痛的老年人的特殊需求知之甚少。
本文旨在了解急诊科护士对家人/护理人员在照顾认知障碍且疼痛的老年人方面所起作用的看法。
邀请急诊科护士参加焦点小组访谈。根据文献开发了一种半结构化访谈工具，其中包括开放式问题和三个李克特量表项目，有助于引导护士思考他们所认为的家人/护理人员在急诊科的作用。
该研究在澳大利亚悉尼的四个急诊科进行，包括两家地区医院和两家三级转诊医院。
邀请急诊科护士参加一次面对面的焦点小组访谈。采用目的抽样法，纳入标准包括至少有一年急诊科工作经验。
对访谈数据进行主题分析和整理。两位专家定性研究人员独立审查了访谈记录以及新出现的编码和解释。
80名护士参加了四家医院的16次焦点小组访谈。参与访谈的护士包括67名（84%）女性和13名（16%）男性，平均有8.6年（标准差±8.64）急诊科工作经验。分析得出了与家人/护理人员相关的三个关键主题。这些主题包括：（i）家人和护理人员在构建临床情况方面的作用；（ii）家人和护理人员作为隐性劳动力；（iii）家人和护理人员在疼痛管理决策中的作用。
该研究深入了解了急诊科护士所认为的家人/护理人员的作用情况。在收集疼痛的认知障碍老年人的信息时，与家人/护理人员合作有诸多益处。家人/护理人员对认知障碍老年人的健康行为变化很敏感，这有助于护士优化疼痛管理。
