Sotio ; Prague, Czech Republic ; Department of Immunology; 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol; Charles University ; Prague, Czech Republic.
Cell Death Research and Therapy (CDRT) Unit; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology; University of Leuven (KU Leuven) ; Leuven, Belgium.
Oncoimmunology. 2015 Jan 7;3(12):e968434. doi: 10.4161/21624011.2014.968434. eCollection 2014 Dec.
The concept of immunogenic cancer cell death (ICD), as originally observed during the treatment with several chemotherapeutics or ionizing irradiation, has revolutionized the view on the development of new anticancer therapies. ICD is defined by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, emission of danger-associated molecular patterns and induction of antitumor immunity. Here we describe known and emerging cancer cell death-inducing physical modalities, such as ionizing irradiation, ultraviolet C light, Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) with Hypericin, high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) and hyperthermia (HT), which have been shown to elicit effective antitumor immunity. We discuss the evidence of ICD induced by these modalities in cancer patients together with their applicability in immunotherapeutic protocols and anticancer vaccine development.
免疫原性细胞死亡（ICD）的概念最初是在几种化疗药物或电离辐射治疗过程中观察到的，它彻底改变了人们对开发新的抗癌疗法的看法。ICD 定义为内质网（ER）应激反应、活性氧（ROS）生成、危险相关分子模式的释放以及抗肿瘤免疫的诱导。在这里，我们描述了已知和新兴的诱导癌细胞死亡的物理方式，如电离辐射、紫外线 C 光、血卟啉衍生物的光动力疗法（PDT）、高静水压（HHP）和高温（HT），这些方式已被证明能引发有效的抗肿瘤免疫。我们讨论了这些方式在癌症患者中诱导 ICD 的证据，以及它们在免疫治疗方案和抗癌疫苗开发中的适用性。
